There are a number of ways to sanitize a suface. Somewhat fewer that will sterilize it. The difference is the number of organism that can remain viable after treatment.
For most application of metal or some plastics, sanitization can be accomplished by boiling for 15 minutes, soaking in 70% isopropyl alcohol (standard rubbing alcohol) for at least a minute or wiping with a 10% (if I remember right) household bleach solution. There are many other products that will sanitize a surface.
Sterialization is harder to accomplish. A bleach solution can sterilize. Also boiling at 245 degrees F (I think) for 15 minutes under 15 lbs pressure and some comercial solutions.
Some of these treatments will rust some steels and may degrade some plastics.
ron