Everything droopy170 said, plus practice, practice, practice. I've sharpened nearly every edged tool I could get my hands on since I was ten years old, which means nearly ten years now. All of that practice means that now I can put on a decent edge with just a little pocket stone if that's all I have available. For the absolute best, screaming sharp edge possible, you pretty much need an Edge-Pro. But you can also do nearly as well with a ten dollar, dual grit bench stone from the hardware store, a fine grit ceramic rod and a lot of patience and practice. Also, make sure you read the sharpening FAQ here, it's very, very helpful. Also, if you can find "The Razor Edge Book of Sharpening" at your local bookstore or library, it's quite informative as well. Even if your library doesn't have it, ask if they can borrow it from another library in the area. That's what I had to do, which saved me from having to buy it. Reading all of these helps you to understand the principles and mechanics of sharpening, which is more important than having the best system IMHO. You have to understand what the goal of each step in the process is in order to know when to stop and move on to the next step. Once you understand that, you can get a sharp edge every time. Anyway, I hope this helps and good luck. Feel free to e-mail me if you want me to clarify anything I wrote here or just have any other questions.