a visual explanation:
This is the edgepro brand sharpener, apex model. The bar has several marks on it, which determine the angle the sharpener is held at to the table. The marks go 10, 15, 18, 21, 24 degree's. I will put permanent marker marks above that if the angle needs to be more obtuse so I know where I was at for that knife as I'm sharpening.
This is what I mentioned above, you put a permanent marker mark across the edge and then change your angle until you remove it right at the very cutting edge. As you can see this is a fairly convexed edge, each degree only rubs off a thin line of marker. If the edge was flat, I'd remove (at the top of the bevel) nothing, nothing, nothing, everything, then nothing but at the actual cutting edge. In this case, 10 degree's only touches the main bevel, it's way to acute. 15-21 take away a small amount of marker from the bevel above the cutting edge, and 24 removes the marker right at the actual cutting edge. so that makes 24 the stock degree per side for this particular knife.
If I wanted to do 21 degrees, i wouldn't really expand the bevel very much, I'd just flatten out the convexity and remove a tiny bit of metal once flat to get down to it from 24 degrees.