Axe/axe like tool expert opinions please!

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Feb 16, 2014
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Ok, I recently got a fire pit (well my parents did... I'm 17) and it uses real wood (my dad and I convinced my mom to do this instead of lame propane) and that means I get to learn to split wood. My dad has an old axe (no idea what brand, it was his dad's way back when so it's much older than me. Dad estimates about 2x my age) and the handle had a massive gouge out of it, so we re-handled it with a hickory handle we got at a local general store. However, the head of this poor ancient axe is super dull and has several large nicks and dents in the edge. I'm wanting to know if I should get it sharpened (and how/where) or get a decent cheap axe while I save for a good one (I'd like a gransfors bruks splitting axe, but I'm still trying to get my first job so money isn't a thing I have much of). Thanks y'all!

Caleb from Georgia
 
A good Arkansas stone has been in my possession since my pre-teen days. I bought it on vacation in Arkansas with allowance money, and have used it many times, for longer than I care to recall. I keep it in my roller tool chest at work, still in its cedar storage box with my name carved on the back. It will sharpen anything I ask of it, to the best of my ability. It never needs batteries, just add water.

Good luck! :)
 
It helps to see pics of your beater axe. We can offer better advice on its condition.

As for sharpening, web info for that is abundant.
Lastly, (Paraphrase of my Grandad)
"If you are man enough to use an axe, maybe you 'ought to be man enough to sharpen it ".

When I get home I'll try to figure out how to get a couple of pics on here... Other than a crappy edge it's not all that bad.
 
I am by no means an expert but why not just sharpen it yourself? Whatever you do, please don't use a bench grinder and read through this:

http://www.fs.fed.us/t-d/pubs/pdfpubs/pdf99232823/pdf99232823Pdpi300.pdf

Page 27 starts to go over sharpening but just read the whole thing. There is a template for a decent bit (blade) profile (p. 29) and lots of other good stuff in there. Proper sharpening means filing or moving the stone TOWARDS the blade, not away from it --and they say a good, sharp axe can shave the hair from your arm. Wear proper footwear when you chop/split and take a good look at my left thumb in the two photos below. Unless you like to bleed, wear gloves no matter how dull you think the blade is. It'll get sharp quickly and all it takes is one slip and you'll be bleeding.

Post up some photos of the axe. Are there any logos, markings or engravings on it? I've not ever heard a bad word about GB, as expensive as they are people seem to say they are worth every penny. That said, there are a lot of very inexpensive, vintage axes out there that can be just as good as a GB. Flea markets, yard sales and eBay are good places to look.

Convince your dad to take you back to the hardware store you bought the handle at and pick up a few more things. First, pick out a pair of leather work gloves, then get a quart of boiled linseed oil (BLO), a few of those cheap chip brushes (throw away paint brushes), a few files (get at least a bastard and second cut, see link below), A PROPER FILE BRUSH, a sharpening stone, and some sandpaper (couple sheets each of 80, 100, 120 & 200 or 220 grit). Your dad may already have some of this stuff (files, sharpening stone, sandpaper, chip brushes).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_(tool)#/media/File:FilesFlat-Smooth-2ndCut-Bastard.jpg

You can get all of that for probably around $50-$60. Take a look at the bit profiles in "an axe to grind" so you have a good idea of what profile you want on your axe. Put the axe securely on a workbench and then start with the bastard file. With the bastard file you really just want to remove the rust, burrs and dings so the 2nd cut file will work well. Use the second cut file to shape and profile the bit, and then either run over it quickly with a fine cut file or switch over to a course (and then fine) whetstone and have at it. It may take a couple hours but go slow, be patient, don't press too hard with the files or the stone and take pictures and post them up. You'll get some really good feedback on your progress.

After you've sharpened the axe, wipe it down with a rag to get all of the rust/metal shavings from it and then have at it with the sandpaper. I assume the handle you bought came with lacquer on it. Sand off all of the lacquer/varnish, starting with either 80 or 100 grit, then move to 120 and 200/220. When you are down to bare wood, apply BLO. One of those rectangle, plastic containers from Chinese takeout works very well for this; pour a little bit of BLO in the bottom of the plastic container and put the axe head in the BLO. Take a throw-away paint brush and start brushing the BLO all over the handle, especially on the end/knob. You'll see how fast the wood soaks up the BLO, especially at the end into the grain. Keep going back a couple times a day and painting the BLO onto the wood. Don't worry about the axe head, the BLO will dry and then wear off with use. Keep giving it BLO until it stops taking it. It may take several days until it stops soaking it in and depending on the temperature, it may take a few days after that for the BLO on/in the handle to fully dry but it'll be worth it.

**Linseed oil dries through a process of oxidation (like rust). When it oxidizes, it generates heat and can cause a fire. Be careful not to throw piles of oily rags (or even paper towels) into a trash can without laying them out and letting them dry first, or putting them into a fire-safe can. A bucket of BLO exposed to the air isn't an issue, many folks keep their axes stored head-first in a bucket of BLO to keep the top of the handle (eye) from drying out. Just don't throw a bunch of rags soaked in BLO into the trash, this is why I suggested using a brush rather than rags to apply the BLO as you can keep the brush in the BLO and use it over and over.

Once the axe is sharp, please do carry and use it correctly. A sharp blade is a safe blade but any blade can be dangerous. Last thought, if the axe was your grandfather's, why not ask your dad if he knows anything about this stuff?

Hopefully someone corrects me if I said something wrong/inaccurate.


IMG_0317_zps3mci8vv8.jpg


IMG_0442_zpswfmiikgh.jpg
 
I know I've got the good gloves and boots, and we have some sandpaper (no idea what grits) I haven't looked in detail at the axe to see markings, but the stuff I don't have I know I can borrow from my grandpa (and he has a maul I may borrow)I'll get pics when I can. And with it's age, and knowing it supplies hearing for my dad's house till he was ~16/17, if I can get a decent edge on it I should be fine, though id still like a GB...
 
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Doesn't everyone...

Nope, I should finally have a chance to try one in the near future but I don't see it living up to the price or hype. Nice axes but I live on the east coast of the USA so we have a mix of hard and softwoods. While most of their axes are American in design they are missing the nice high centerline you get on an older American made axe. They also have a steep ramp and so I don't see them working well for my uses.
 
It's set to rain till Wednesday this week. Thursday I'm going to get a load of wood, and then hopefully sometime next week I can get over to my grandpa's place to borrow his stuff and get to work making this axe work nice. Talked to my dad about it and apparently it's been around since he can remember meaning it's at least 45 years old, and it's American made (any markings are illegible, I can see where some were but it's all worn) it's a 3 1/2 or 3 lb head and was originally on an American hickory handle (which is also what the new handle is) and as far as my dad knows it's never had a full resharpening done. It's had the edge touched up a time or two but it's obviously in need of more than a touch up now.
 
You will find that this axe will provide you with much more enjoyment than anything storebought. A lot to be said about family history. Which is something you cannot get at the store. I have found the vintage axes to provide you with hours of enjoyment in the refurbishing and use, especially a family heirloom. I was given my father in laws old boy scout boys axe. It was pretty beat up - desperately needed sharpening, poll was mushroomed out and needed to be rehafted. Turned out it was a Shapleigh. I had a very good time restoring it - took it down to my FIL's after I was done. Grant got pretty emotional when he saw and held it. I asked him if he wanted it back - he said "no, thats for you - take it out to that place in the country and use it. Think of me when you do.". Careful you don't get bit by the bug!! I am up to 20 or so and that is just in the last 9-10 months. Read all you can and have fun.
 
Congratulations on getting your hands on your Grandpa's axe. It's likely a better axe than anything you can buy today.

The advice 1215 gave you is pretty good. Files stones and BLO are what's needed to fix an old axe. But let's see a picture before you go on. Chances are it's not nearly as bad as you think.
 
I promise I'll try to get pics this afternoon, but the edge has at least 3 chips that are a quarter inch long ant pretty deep but then again it's never really been sharpened
 
Chips can be a pain to get out. You need to get your hands on a decent Mill Bastard file. From your description a good place to start would be to run the file perpendicular to the edge to make it as uniform as possible before starting a new edge. They demonstrate this in the video An Axe to Grind which can be watched on YouTube. Hopefully the chips aren't too deep.
 
They aren't bad, just broad... It does split wood as it is but it seems like it'd get much easier if it were sharp instead of dull to the point of not needing much care about touching the edge...
 
They aren't bad, just broad... It does split wood as it is but it seems like it'd get much easier if it were sharp instead of dull to the point of not needing much care about touching the edge...

A splitter doesn't need to be shaving sharp, but a few steps past blunt is handy. That said, axes are of limited utility for splitting. For straight grained softwood and some hardwoods at least of limited size, fine. Bigger rounds of twisted hardwoods, forget it. A maul might work, but why waste time finding out. A 10# sledge and a couple of 5# wedges will always split wood! My 12 year old son thinks the little sledge is great fun, too, not to mention a good upper body workout.

I can't speak for your father, but I know I would be happy to buy a sledge and wedges for my son if we didn't already have them :).
 
A splitter doesn't need to be shaving sharp, but a few steps past blunt is handy. That said, axes are of limited utility for splitting. For straight grained softwood and some hardwoods at least of limited size, fine. Bigger rounds of twisted hardwoods, forget it. A maul might work, but why waste time finding out. A 10# sledge and a couple of 5# wedges will always split wood! My 12 year old son thinks the little sledge is great fun, too, not to mention a good upper body workout.

I can't speak for your father, but I know I would be happy to buy a sledge and wedges for my son if we didn't already have them :).
He has told me that since they just spent $200 on a fire pit, I can either use the axe we already have, see if I can borrow my grandpa's 8# maul, or use my own money for tools
 
We're taking about a firepit not heating a home. I use a boys axe to process all the wood for my firepit. This includes making some quick and dirty wood wedges as required to help split more stubborn pieces using the pole of the axe to hammer them in. I gather all of my wood from my neighborhood as folks lose trees or trim them. Most of the stuff is less than 6" in diameter. I assume you won't be splitting large rounds but if you do and your using an axe don't try to split though the center take of the edges first working your way around until your left with a small enough log to split. A good chopping block is very beneficial as well but not required. Sounds to me like to axe you have will be up to the task with a little work.
 
It's a decent size firepower (3ft x 3ft and about 12 to 18" deep). The wood I'll be getting for free is from a couple of trees (I can't remember what species) that fell on my grandmother's fence last year. Most of it is about 16 or so inches in diameter.
 
That said, axes are of limited utility for splitting. For straight grained softwood and some hardwoods at least of limited size, fine. Bigger rounds of twisted hardwoods, forget it. A maul might work, but why waste time finding out. A 10# sledge and a couple of 5# wedges will always split wood! My 12 year old son thinks the little sledge is great fun, too, not to mention a good upper body workout.


My experience with NW woods differs strongly from yours. I find that most of the wood I get can be split with a 5 pound axe very handily. There are a few pieces that won't split with the axe but will with the maul. But for the most part I go from axe to sledge & wedges.

For very hard woods like London Plane or Elm wedges are the only thing that works (until you get them down to size) and it's best if they are very sharp and have a slightly concave bevel grind. The concave grind makes the wedge stick in the wood instead of trying to pop back out. For the same reason (sticking) you never want to put a concave bevel on an axe unless you want it to stick badly - i.e. you're using it for underbucking with a crosscut saw.
 
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