I've got a 70 year old Griswold 18 inch cast iron skillet, seasoned to perfection, on the rare occasion something gets stuck, pasta, caramelized onions, sausage or chicken skin, what I do is get the skillet screaming hot. Usually that allows me to get under it with a wooden spatula and scrape it off. This works most times.
I've had burned on cheese that I couldn't get up even with that method, asked an old Hungarian, (my 78 year old mom) how to get it off and she told me get the skillet screaming hot and then carefully poor warm water into the skillet, it gets underneath the burnt/melted lump and let's you scrape it off.
Then use coarse salt and paper towels to get any smaller residual leftovers off, rinse, dry and reseason. If your lucky you didn't do much damage and a light coat of oil on a hot pan is all you'll need, wipe of any excess oil and put into a warm oven till the oil isn't wet anymore.
Next time you pull it out heat it up, wipe it with oil and cook. Cast iron skillets are versatile cooking tools with a long heritage, Google the subject there are plenty of sites out there on the subject in regards to recipes and care and seasoning.
If your lucky you have an old relative or neighbor whose has one, I bet if you ask nicely they would tell you everything you need to know about care and use of a pan and if you're really lucky they might even pass on their 60 year old week seasoned skillet.