Can somebody explain.....

Sumbrada are pre-set drills that generally depict a "give and take" series of strikes and counter-strikes ("first he goes, then I go, then he goes," etc.) Rick Faye from the Minnesota Kali Group has an excellent video on the subject that reflects the Inosanto Kali approach. Sometimes these pre-set drills can lead into other drills wherein you don't know what's coming or you know that the attack can be one of "x" number of possibilities, and you respond in kind. For example, a slash along a horizontal line can become a thrust along the same line. The purpose of these drills is simply to get you used to angles of attack and to burn counters into muscle memory.

Abcedario (the "ABC's") are basic strikes and stiking patterns that are generally performed solo but can be performed with a partner. I believe that the meaning of the term can change somewhat depending on which FMA you are talking about. For example, some people like to turn Abcedario into a game wherein your striking patterns take the shape of various letters of the alphabet - but generally they just mean the basic angles of attack.

Best,

Steve Lamade
 
Also, when practiced with a partner, abecedario is done one-sided, i.e. one person is feeding and the other is doing the actual exercise, while in sumbrada it is alternating roles.
 
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