There is no reason that you can't use carbides if you want, just find a knifemaker that is willing to grind it. The only real drawback in regards to cutting, is that the edge is going to be really prone to breaking. If you have to really overthicken the edge in order to get it to get a decent enough level of durability, the cutting ability might be so low as to really reduce its ability as a knife. In regards to the CPM steels, the primary reason that many of them give bad impressions is because of they way that they are hardened. If left soft ~55RC, they are not going to give that high a performance in many areas of edge retention. However there is no reason that you can get them to ~64RC if you want. If you are not satisfied with CPM-10V at 64RC, then you have some very high standards for edge retention. Have you tried any of the ceramic blades on the market?
-Cliff