Custom forged brush blade from Glen Parrell of Viking Metal Works

Interesting. I have a small necker from Glen, but it is for extremely light use, and I was wondering how his blades performed. Thanks Cliff.
 
Cliff nice review, but I have a couple questions. Why would you feel the need for a "brush blade" using 1/4" stock and a full convex grind? IMO, a brush blade is one designed to fell material (usually green) up to a max. diameter of 2"-3". Generally much less. Speed and high efficiency cutting performance are the rules here, not brute strength. I would think that a similar blade of distal tapered 3/16" stock in a full flat grind and convex edge configuration would easily outperform this blade in typical brush work scenarios while at the same time cutting weight by at least 1/3 if not more. This would simply yield a much higher performing blade for brushwork and limbing. The thought of swinging nearly 2 pounds of knife for the extended periods usually associated with clearing brush is ludicrous, not to mention downright tiring and dangerous. While everyone has different criteria, my performance requirements for a brush blade go something like this;

1 - the handle has to be comfortable for extended periods of use

2 - blade has to be balanced and light enough to be safe, effective and not enduce fatigue when limbing and cutting light brush

3 - blade has to have the power and efficiency to sever 2" green saplings with one cut when needed

If I had a blade custom made for a specific purpose and then had to modify it to the level you did just to get it to perform, I would be pissed. There is definitely something to be said for finding a maker who knows both what you want to do with the blade and knows what it takes to make that happen. There are few tasks that are more demanding than brushwork IMO and demand a solid, well thought out blade and design. The blade has to be as light, efficient and as tough as possible, all rolled into one. Increase thickness in order to gain toughness, lose balance and control. Increase edge angle to gain durability, lose efficency. It's a balancing act if ever there was one. While I know what I want the blade to do, it is the maker that knows what his steel can take much better than I. Given the parameters the knife will be used for, any maker worth his salt will make recommendations and help you design a blade that will meet your requirements as it is delivered, or come damn close to it. There is just no substitute for the maker testing his blades thoroughly and knowing what they can or can't do.

I am speaking from a personal interest level, as I have a blade being made right now that will be used in the same situation as you used yours. My expectations are very high and I sure hope I will not be disappointed. I have waited nearly a year for this blade and want it right from the start.
 
blademan 13 :

Why would you feel the need for a "brush blade" using 1/4" stock and a full convex grind?

The stock thickness was necessary as otherwise the blade doesn't have the necessary stiffness to work in thick woods, as well it won't clear wood as effectively, nor have the necessary inertia to handle harder woods. While this was mainly intended for work on smaller woods, I did want to ability to cut thicker woods without it being problematic. The added strength was also necesary to allow for use as a more general tool as it would be called upon for splitting wood, prying with the tip to get pitch wood and so on. The label "brush blade" is a loose one, as you noted it isn't a dedicated example of such a design.

As for the convex grind, all such blades should be ideally convex grinds. This is a far more optimal grind for smoothness of cut, minimization of wedging, durability in taking shocks and maximal flexibility. It is a misconception that convex grinds are thicker than flat grinds, that they have more "meat" behind the edge. A convex blade can be thinner or thicker than a flat ground blade depending on the curvature and steel stock. Ray Kirks bowies which he used to win several cutting contests have convex primary and secondary grinds and there is little argumement against their cutting ability.

If I had a blade custom made for a specific purpose and then had to modify it to the level you did just to get it to perform, I would be pissed.

I designed it, so it would hardly be sensible for me to be angry at Glen. As I mentioned in the review this blade was a prototype of sorts used to test out several features of large blades.

Given the parameters the knife will be used for, any maker worth his salt will make recommendations and help you design a blade that will meet your requirements as it is delivered, or come damn close to it.

The necessary steel that the edge has to have to be functional depends on the type of material being cut, for wood specifically the species of tree and the growth rings (yes even the weather plays a part so it is specific to where you live), not to mentioned your skill, technique and physical ability. For a maker to actually come up with the optimal geometry he would thus have to know all these details and figure out how to compensate for them by comparing to his own abilities in these areas and the material he cuts. In short - this isn't a practical expectation.

The only way you could expect this would be to provide a knife which you had found to have the necessary minimal level of durability which the maker could use as a reference. In retrospect I intended to actually be very specific with Glen about the edge geometry, and had selected a couple of blades to bring along for reference. It is kind of ironic that this was the one aspect that I left out of the overall design. The angle Glen chose is an industry standard of about 22 degrees per side. This is about the minimal you can go and still be durable enough in general for wood cutting on hard woods with high power regardless of technique.

However even I could not be sure about the edge requirements because I was putting in blade features I had never used before which were then obviously going to effect my technique and thus the stress on the blade. Plus it was a heavier blade of the length than the others I had used. I would have probably suggested about eighteen degrees per side as a conservative estimate with a decently hard steel. As it turns out the handling characteristics are not significantly different, and after doing a lot of such work in the last two years I not feel that the optimal edge geometry for me is between 12 and 15 degrees per side, if the hardest wood (dead limbs) have to be cut.

My Battle Mistress was fine at 10-12 on the harder wood, but it it shorter and lighter that this blade, so it sets the lower bound, and the upper one is set by the simple fact that this knife handles it without effect even on a few test sloppy cuts. Note as well that this review was written almost two years after the knife was made. In that time my skill with a knife of this type has increased due to work done as have my physical abilities. Even if the knife had been made perfectly for me two years ago, I would still have to modify it to have it be optimal now.

Of course I didn't have to do the modifications myself, I could have had Glen slim the blade out and put on thicker handle scales. I chose to do this myself mainly as I wanted to investigate the process in more detail, slimming the edge gradually and working with the handle in various incarnations to see how the performance was effected.

HJK, he makes a lot of nice knives, I think I might pick up a smaller one later on.

-Cliff
 
Cliff,

Thanks for the extensive reply. You helped answer a lot of my questions. Like I said, I have a blade of this type in the works and I guess I was just suffering from tunnel vision as to what my definition of a "brush blade" was. I, in no way, meant to come off as faulting the maker in this case as your expectations for your blade are clearly different than mine.

You are clearly right on the various types of convex grinds. The higher performing ones IMO are the ones that most closely resemble a flat grind. It is obvious from your profile of the grind on this knife that a simple flat grind of the same spine thickness would be the more efficient cutter when ground to an equally fine edge. Of course if you are going to be doing heavy chopping or splitting, the convex is the way to go.

I have always found that a proper geometry has as much to do with hardwood penetration as mass. Case in point; I had a flat ground 7" Camp Knife from Matt Lamey which featured a thin convex edge. When chopping a well seasoned Cherry 6" x 6", the penetration was as great as with my much heavy Swamp Rat Battle Rat. Why swing all that extra weight around when proper geometry can do some of the work for you? Also, when you factor in the much greater speed which a lighter blade will travel, there is very large difference. Remember, total force is dependent on both mass and acceleration. Snap cuts are also much more effective and easy with a lighter blade.

The knife I have on order is with none other than Ray Kirk. Like I said, I have very high expectations as to it performing the tasks I specified. Ray said that a 10"-12" blade would easily handle limbing and the ability to cut 2" saplings easily with 1 swipe. I opted for the 12". Also, the configuration chosen was standard Kirk fare, "flat ground to about .040” and then convex to about .016” on the edge. I sharpen that to about a 20 degree included angle edge". Ray has not experienced any wrinkling with this geometry and was still experimenting with how thin he could take it before edge damage. Steel is of course 52100. If I remember right, your destructive tests on some of Ray's knives more than prove they are able to withstand the infamous "blockchopping" almost as well as one knife who' used this type of test as a "claim to fame". The fact that Ray's knife was also a very efficient cutter also is worth noting.
 
blademan 13 :

in the works and I guess I was just suffering from tunnel vision as to what my definition of a "brush blade" was.

It was a valid point, the label I used is not a overly accurate one for this knife as you pointed out. The problem is that the secondary uses of the blade, while only making up a small percentage of the actual work done, are so different in required abilities that they dominate the design aspects. Optimally you would use more than one blade.

A few years ago when I started running optimized profiles, slimming everything out until I reached the absolute limit of performance, I found though that while the knives became like lazers, the focus became more and more narrow. Eventually you reach a point where you get a blade than can only cut soft live woods, if you continue to the extremes.

This knife was intended to be mainly a brush cutter, however which could handle basically anything. Rereading the review this isn't clear, so thanks for pointing that out. I added a few paragraphs to clarify this point. Shortly I'll add some more specific info as the value of the more robust profile, with some examples of this blade compared to a truely optomized limbing and brush clearing tool.

It is obvious from your profile of the grind on this knife that a simple flat grind of the same spine thickness would be the more efficient cutter when ground to an equally fine edge.

Yes, and then the knife could then be convex ground to an even lower cross section.

I have always found that a proper geometry has as much to do with hardwood penetration as mass.

Yes, balance and mass provide the power, the geometry determines the efficiency. How much power goes into the cut, and how much is wasted pushing the wood apart is all geometry.

[Ray Kirk]

Also, the configuration chosen was standard Kirk fare, "flat ground to about .040 and then convex to about .016 on the edge. I sharpen that to about a 20 degree included angle edge".

What does "flat ground to about 0.040 and then convex to about 0.016 on the edge." mean? The primary flat grind goes to 0.040" thick and then there is convex bevel which is applied which brings it down to 0.016" at which point the final 20 degree edge angle is applied?

Ray has not experienced any wrinkling with this geometry and was still experimenting with how thin he could take it before edge damage.

Ray is fairly skilled with a knife which means in general his optimal geometry will be much lower than average. I worked with his much smaller JS bowie with a similar acute edge profile and saw it ripple on hard woods. To be quite clear this was on a sloppy cut, through the hardest of seasoned wood. It is debatable if this level of durablity is required. If you work with enough care you never need it. However when the blade starts getting longer, power goes up signifiantly and you need a thicker edge profile to handle the strain.

But again, the type of wood that causes damages for me is wood that in general is usually avoided. These are windblown trees, dead or dying, which have essentially been seasoned for years. The branches are small (fraction of an inch), and so hard they often shatter when cut. The edges are so sharp they can easily break the skin with light contact, just as bad as the thorns on a rose bush (which is really fun to cut as I found out a couple of days ago). It is horrible wood to work. When I was carrying extreme profiled blades I always used a "beater" on these trees, or reverse the knife and just smashed the limbs off (which tends to leave lots of small sharp stubs - no fun to carry).

It again is a matter of choice, do you raise the edge bevel and in so doing sacrifice the cutting ability on the softer woods to be able to cut the hardest of woods, or carry an additional blade to handle these trees (or just avoid them). For most camping and similar trips this wood is however actually the best used as it is least damaging to the enviroment (actually helps the other trees grow), plus it is the easiest to burn and use in construction as it is feather light compared to wet wood (far less than half the weight). Plus it makes the best tools as it is heavily seasoned.

[concrete block chopping]

If I remember right, your destructive tests on some of Ray's knives more than prove they are able to withstand the infamous "blockchopping" almost as well as one knife who' used this type of test as a "claim to fame". The fact that Ray's knife was also a very efficient cutter also is worth noting.

Essentially yes, it easily out cut the WB (and PAB), and was at the same time far more durable. The concrete block test, while touted as highly desctuctive is only so to the ultra-brittle high carbon stainless steels. If the steel is tough enough, all the block can do is just impact it. And this impaction stops quite quickly because past a certain point the pressure isn't great enough to squash it any more. The problem with ATS-34 and other similar materials is that they just fracture, and can then literally completely explode. You simply can't get that kind of failure on the tougher steels.

Anyway, I have no doubt that you will enjoy using that blade. By the way, Ray's website is down, did he move it?


-Cliff
 
Cliff,

As far as Ray's geometry goes, You are right on. The full, flat grind maximizes cutting performance in the deep stuff, the slight convex edge gives additional strength to support the edge and the final, very slight conventional bevel would help slightly in durability. Of course, over time I could see my sharpening slightly altering this somewhat.

Just received some bad news the other day that Ray is not healing up quite as quickly as had initially been hoped. I don't know if this has any bearing on his website being down or not. As far as I know, his site has not been moved.
 
Lots of information here!
I'm sticking with Wandi's blades until I learn enough to ever think that I can design a blade - it might take a while..
I was out on the weekend cutting with a variety of blades from the well over 2lb Bolo Camp to the small goloks. I'd been a little skeptical of being able to cut through 2" saplings, because often the flexibility works against a person, and chopping at a low angle to avoid this means that you cut through a lot of wood. The straight edged blades had a lot of trouble, but the curved edge on the golok XL combined with a draw cut managed lots more.
When limbing trees, and cutting near the trunk, the branches are held pretty rigidly, and some incredible thicknesses can be cut through, even with thick blades. I actually find the heavier blades to be less work, since I don't need to accelerate the chop as much, when leaning.
 
Blademan 13, thanks for the info, I was looking at the old site, the new one is fine :

http://www.rakerknives.com/

if you are interested, when your knife from Ray arrives, I would like to have your opinion on its performance compared to one of the Goloks Jim referenced, I have a spare one you can have.

Jim, the smoothness of cut of the Goloks is superb. Comparisons are problematic mainly due to the vast difference in cross section, most other blades are just massively thicker.

It would be interesting to compare a straighter blade profile, or even a khukuri with one of the Goloks, with all having a similar cross section. This would isolate the influence of the edge curvature.

I should get Glen to make a blade similar to the Survival Golok in cross section, but with a straigher edge profile. One of the thinner Kobras from HI would also make a decent reference for performance.

Swamp Rat also has a whack of new knives coming out at Blade. Hopefully they will also have something similar. Jerry has described a pretty mammoth sized bowie for Busse Combat line that would be interesting to whack about with as well.

-Cliff
 
Cliff:
I'll be working with my golok jonggal (the straight edged version of the survival golok) during July. After that I'll ship it along. I'm really interested in why a straight edge is so much less efficient that a curved edge - with the draw cut. I haven't figured how the curve relates, in terms of how much curve is desireable.

Have you ever heard of the reverse draw cut? Basically you let the recurve slip forward as you chop - instead of pulling back as with the golok profile. Jean-Marc told me about it, and from my experience it certainly isn't fantasy. I just have the Bolo Camp - but I can see how kuk users might rely heavily on technique for some of the kuk exploits that non-kuk users might consider fantasy.

I'm rather interested in how people make out with saplings of 2"+ with their favorite chopping blades. I had very little luck so far with my heavy bolo camp, and my Tramontina machete which is really reprofiled is too light. The LTC isn't making out too well either - saplings are different from rope! I'm hopefully going to haul out the straight edged Sumbawa this weekend to try - and with that weight, I expect it to do the job, while lighter straight edged blade (Jonggal) failed. It appears the chopping is far more difficult than expected when you actually measure the saplings rather than estimate... A little bit more radius makes a huge increase when squared! Oh well - at least I feel good about the 17" survival golok, now....
 
Originally posted by Jimbo
Cliff:
I'm really interested in why a straight edge is so much less efficient that a curved edge - with the draw cut. I haven't figured how the curve relates, in terms of how much curve is desireable.

Hi Jim

I have the old style jonggol and a theory. I noticed the same thing (in fact mentioned it over on the other bbs months ago) and I believe that the secret is the same as the secret of comedy

Timing.

When you cut with a curved blade the force of reaction of the curve times your draw cut much better then trying to do it youself.

If this is right you should get better as you use the jonggol but you won't ever get as good as with the curved golok.

Ben
 
Timing could well be a large factor. Another might be the leading edge of the curve opening the material more dramatically than we'd expect. I notice with my Iltis axe with a very pronounced edge curvature, that it goes into wood with very little shock transmitted back compared to an axe with a straight edge. Even with my heavy straight edged Sumbawa klewang, there's some feedback, even on small stuff that it goes through with no problem. With alders, there's often a loud cracking sound, too, even when the blade sails through them. It was loud enough that at first I thought the blade had broken, and then thought that the saplings had springboarded - neither of which was the case.
I have the XXL survival golok which is 19 1/2" blade, but very thin (3/16") stock. Unfortunately due to some hardening problems in the proto's I have the only one that's still working. This blade will go through stuff incredibly well, but is really a blade for very thin material. With thicker stuff to cut through, some blade bending develops even with careful technique. As with the thinner HI kuks, they're made for specialized use, not general chopping. Anyway - with the longer blade, the sweet spot is further out and so velocity is greatly increased. I get some strange feedback vibrations, which lead me to believe that the stresses on the blade are pretty incredible, even with care with hits - and flex it in strange ways. The slightly shorter, but thicker XL of about the same weight doesn't give that kind of feedback. All that I'm saying here, is that geometry (with thinner longer blade) has a vast impact - but it's going to be interesting to see how a blade has to be made, that's going to be long for this world.
I see an interesting parallel, here to my other interests of flycasting and long range pistol shooting. There's an interesting story in one of McClane's books about a flyfisher talking about an "average cast of 60 feet". Naturally someone had to say that very few people could ever cast that far - and when a bunch of people went out and tried with measured distance - all failed. Now with different tools and techniques, distances of many times that are not considered remarkable. Once you go much over 2" of flexible sapling (rather than limbing branches that are held fairly rigidly), things get problematic. At least they do for me without curved edges and draw cuts...
 
Jim

Sorry I can't help you any more then I have.

I usually use the Jonggol for limbing and splitting with a baton

Waveing heavy sharp things around strikes me as anti-survival, at least for someone as clumsy as me, which is why I carry a saw and not a hatchet.

Ben
 
Jim :

Have you ever heard of the reverse draw cut?

Yes, this was discussed in the past on the HI forum in some detail. I have spent some time working with khukuris to bring this out, but generally I chop straightish because it fits better with my swing which is more power driven in a straight line. But yes in general you can get greater penetration and vastly reduced shock if you bring some slicing into the push cuts.

I notice with my Iltis axe with a very pronounced edge curvature, that it goes into wood with very little shock transmitted back compared to an axe with a straight edge.

Yes, this is just a matter of impact times, the longer the time that passes after the blade hits the wood until it stops moving ( or passes through the wood) the lower the impact shock. This is why all felling axes have curved bits, the tradeoff with axes is that the bit can not be too curved or you will get an imbalance in the cut lines. It does you little good to have 1/4" more penetration in the apex of the curve because the wood will only break free where it has all been cut.

With the Golok the reason that I don't think the curvature isn't the most significant factor, is that I have done a lot of work where I didn't do draw cutting at all, and just smashed the blade straight into some wood. The feedback is still minimal and the cuts very deep. On cutting weeds and such, draw cutting is significant, but you can't draw the blade very much through 4"+ wood - I can't anyway. Plus if you look at the blade curvature from the point of view of the wood, it isn't actually that curved over that short a distance.

The Goloks have a tremendous amount going for them in many other aspects such as the handle, balance and blade profile (thinness as well as convexity). Inherently blades of greater penetration are simply smoother because of the more drawn out time of contacts. I saw this with the above custom blade. As it was modified the cuts got much smoother and the only thing that was changed was the thinness of the edge.

Speaking of axes, awhile ago during one of the lumberjack competitions they finally got an axeman (Mitch Hewitt) to talk about chopping. Mitch went through his pattern hit by hit. He brought out two points which are obvious upon reflection. First was that you cut evenly, if the block is 10" across, you don' put 6" of axe into one side and then 4" in the other. You put 5" in each side getting maximum and even penetration. As well he always started the cuts on the side closest to him. Watching this for the rest of the competition, the top guys all did the same thing. Thinking about this for awhile I realized that it would be more fluid than the far side which has you would be pull back on the toe of the bit which it imbedded in the wood. I tried this out the following weekend and it worked well.

-Cliff
 
Cliff,

Thanks for the generous offer, I would like to try out a Golok and compare it to the Kirk blade. I don't know what I am looking at for a timeframe on the Kirk blade however, but should know after this week. Thanks.
 
Back
Top