Look I don't know if there is such a book. But if there were, I expect it would have a serious limitation in that it would be very difficult for it to be kept right up to date.
This forum is about the best resource for that sort of thing - including the links you'll come across etc. Start by looking at the "Tutorials/FAQ's" above - the one on Steel in particular. It isn't a concluded work however, for pretty much the reason I've already indicated.
The subject of blade steels is THE most complex and contentious issue discussed here, I'd say. There's a LOT involved and it isn't ALL clear. Even now, I'm having a hard time deciding how much to say - I could be here for a loooong time.
I'll leave it at this for now: steel is ONE important factor in a knife, NOT the be all and end all. Blade geometry is another. Heat treatment. The maker's familiarity with it. Etc.
Also, it all varies a bit you see, depending on anticipated usage.
I have to stop now...
Edited to add:
Yes (now that Gollnick's kicked in) that's the one.