I guess I want to change my original answer. I thought about it for a while, and my personal opinion considering the subject, it is best to just learn trees and plants. Those that you can positively time and time again are those you should research for edible/medicinal purposes. I guess I feel it is not worth the time or taking a chance to learn what is edible, go to the field, and not know for sure. Positive identification can be difficult and there are so many intricacies
not just know what is edible, but what part, what time of year, and how to prepare correctly. Failure to do so properly maybe jeopardize your health. Learning the majority of trees and plants in an area in turn helps you learn the eco-type, which will then help you find the specific plant/tree you want to find when you need it. Plus, I would like to know what game eats.
That being said, here are the ones everyone should know for a survival situation since they are prevalent most places:
Pineaceae Family all 2 to 5 needle pines in North America are edible
Ø You can chew needles and make tea (more vitamin C than OJ)
Ø You can eat cambium layer raw as a survival food
Ø Green buds can be eaten raw in spring time
Ø Pine nuts in fall are edible
Quercus spp. (Oaks)
Ø You can eat acorns, but first you have to shell, remove paper skin and boil (put in boiling water, dont put in water then boil). Keep boiling until they taste good. White oak group is MUCH better than red oaks. There are no appreciable white oaks in south Florida.
Graminaceace Family grass
Ø Spring to summer leaves and stem chew and spit out fiber. Rhizomes are edible
Ø Late summer to fall seed heads are edible, watch out for funguses.
Typha spp. cattails
Ø Eat shoots in spring. Lower the better.
Ø In summer, leaves and stems are like grass
Ø Rhizomes in fall to early spring
The only ID books I know that cover your part of Florida are
The Trees of Florida and
The Shrubs & Woody Vines of Florida. Both by Gil Nelson, Pineapple Press. Has great descriptions of the Families and good species account. It does not have a great introduction on how to learn or any keys. I have seen both books at Barnes and Noble.
Let me know what you are interested in a little more detail and I can probably point you to some better books. And remember, herbs are what real food eats!
