If you can confidently predict your glass will break (if it ever does) in a manner that will not allow the sharp fragments to shoot through that gap between your screws like a hockey goal then you should be fine. If you can't accurately predict how your glass will fracture it makes much more sense to use a shelf to completely block off the most dangerous path for broken pyroceram glass to be launched in your waist-down direction. A shelf may not be necessary, but you've done 85% of the work of installing one already, so you may as well finish it and have something that actually performs as intended if it's ever needed plus the peace of mind that comes with it. As you have it currently configured, it really isn't serving as much of safety shelf at all. YMMV, of course.
I use full length double-sided Gorilla tape and have a welded shelf. I guess that makes me a "belt & suspenders" guy, but I don't think about it at all which is kind of the point, right? That said, I probably wouldn't think about it at all even if I didn't have a shelf. Cheap insurance I guess.