I'm sorry, znode, (and Cliff too, if he reads this). I don't buy it.
The differences might be real if the data were complete. I do not consider them so. I do not doubt Cliffs calculations. I doubt the compositional data that were processed by them in the case of the 8C13CrMoV.
Cliff's calculations are based on nominal values for 8C13CrMoV, but complete ranges for AUS8. Nobody holds to a single concentration of any one element. Look at the Carbon % in AUS8. It ranges from 0.7-.075. That is a realistic range. The Carbon content for 8C13CrMoV is a single value, 0.8. That single value is not a realistic number. There is batch to batch variation. An actual report that covered the composition of multiple batches would have to be a set of ranges as we see for AUS8, not a single set of values as we see for 8C13CrMoV.
If the compositional values for 8C13CrMoV were given as actual ranges, and those ranges were processed through Cliff's calculations along with the AUS8 expressed as ranges, I contend that there would be enough variation in the results that it would no longer be possible to differentiate performance based on composition. The data cloud for each alloy would be spread out enough that you would not be able to differentiate between the two compositions.
Aside from this, the Carbon value for 8C13CrMoV is given as a single digit. If I were providing the Carbon composition of AUS8 in terms of one digit, I would say....0.8. Again, flawed input data.
The hardness I believe. That is a function of heat treat, not a function of composition. The compositional differences I do not believe to be significant. I believe the compositions are too close to be accurately differentiated by Cliff's equations because steel compositions are actually ranges.
Show me cutting data from several RC 61 AUS8 blades compared to cutting data from several RC 61 8C13CrMoV blades, all with similar geometry, and I will believe there is a difference. Shucks, Sal might have such data then I'd have to eat this long post. However, the 2006 Byrd Knife catalog says about 8C13CrMoV that it "...is similar to AUS-8 in it's properties and performance." Maybe he has accrued more data since then.
Theory shows you expectations. Data confirms them. The differences in the performance of these specific alloys are only theory, and I doubt them, not because the theory is wrong, but because the input data are flawed.