The tang should have been plenty big enough to handle what I saw in the video.
Several things come to mind, in descending order.
1. The grain at the break looks very large. All else being equal (alloy, cross section, even Rockwell hardness) the blade with the finer grain will be tougher. That's why a good knifemaker will normalize at least once and perhaps several times before he hardens and tempers, to relieve stress and refine the grain to make it tougher. Take a look at these very convincing photos from an experiment another knifemaker did:
http://paleoplanet69529.yuku.com/topic/47099/NormalizationGrain-Size-Control-Experiment-normalize That convinced me, and I now triple normalize every blade I make. Cheap insurance.
2. Everything I have ever seen about khukuris has them being forged from leaf springs. That's typically an excellent steel and there are probably more working knives floating around in the world made from leaf springs than anything else. I made all my blades from salvaged spring steel for a good while. However, it is possible for the steel to develop micro cracks from flexing going over rough roads over the years. These may not show up until the blade is being used at which time they will cause it to fail dramatically. Given the crack on the spine, I think that may have been a factor. As I got more and more folks buying my knives and I began to serve military customers, I made the transition to brand new 5160. Once again, cheap insurance.
3. The cold temperatures may have exacerbated pre-existing problems.
4. It may have been a combination of several or all of these factors, maybe some others.
The sharp corners at the blade/tang transition are another issue, but I don't think they came into play here. Looks like the break happened a good inch or more back from the shoulder. It could be involved, however.
So the problem is not the hidden tang but something else, in my opinion. That looks like more steel than an Estwing ax has in the handle, and how often do those break?