First of all, welcome to BladeForums.
Next, to answer your question about steel, here are a couple different steel guides which might help you out in that area:
Spyderco Steel Chart and
AG Russell Steel Chart. Steel is usually measured by its hardness or Rockwell C value. The higher the value, the harder the steel but also usually the brittler the blade and the harder it is to resharpen. The catch is to find a steel that comprises the best of all areas: hardness, durability, and sharpening ease to name a few. The steels you listed: aus8, aus6, 154cm, vg-10 are all good steels. Others you may hear of are 420hc, 440a, 440c, ats-34, s30v, etc. Each steel has its' own advantages and disadvantages. My own perception of steel "rank" for all of these knife steels has been something like this: S30V, (154CM, ATS-34), (VG-10, AUS8, 440C), (440A, AUS6, 420HC). Others will probably be able to give you a more detailed description of each steel.
I see you are already looking at Spyderco and you can't go wrong there. Since you are already considering a Spyderco, I suggest you take a look at the Native. It is available at various Wal-Marts now for under $40 and even some online retail establishments are marking theirs down to under $40 (
Savson Swords and Knives) if you aren't friendly with Wal-Mart. It comes with S30V, the premium blade steel usually offered only on knives around the $100+ area. Couple that with Spyderco quality and you can't go wrong.
If you are interested in other brands of knives such as Benchmade, Buck, Case, Kershaw, Sog, etc. then I suggest trying the search function here on BF. I'm sure you will find plenty of information about any knife you are considering. If not, just ask and you'll get an answer pretty quick. I've found that the search function works when you use only one word. For some reason, using two words with a space causes problems. For instance, when searching for information about the Spyderco Native, I would search for either Spyderco or, to narrow it down, Native.
Hopefully, I have been of some help. Good luck and let us know what you decide.