For the stick I'm currently working on, I cut some volunteer maples out of my yard after letting them get the right size of course.
Do the shaping, then coat with a spar varnish for water protection. Then add the cord wraps. Some people mark the staff with measurements for guaging water depth or fish they caught.
For the tips, I'm partial to trimming them down to fit a copper plumbing cap. Attach with epoxy. Flush with the rest of the wood looks best. Others prefer to install a button compass in the top or a camera mount.
For the ground end, you may want a removable spike. There's a furniture screw that works well, but I don't know it's name. The outside has a very coarse thread, the inside fine thread. Installed on a leg end, you can adjust a screw in the inside threads to adjust the height of the furniture so it's level. Drill a hole in the end of your staff as described for the size screw you buy. Drive in the screw. It's easy to split your staff doing this. You might consider installing the copper cap first to hold the staff together. Drill out the copper cap and install that first
Then buy a capless screw--I think they're called a stud--that fits inside the furniture screw. One end, shape into a point. The part that sticks out, cover with a nut. When you need the spike end, undo the nut and unscrew the spike. REverse it and screw it back it in to the right height. Replace the nut.
You can cover the nut assembly with a furniture cap or crutch cap for non-marring uses and quiet.
For the cord wrap, I like a specific whipping stitch as illustrated here.
http://www.xmission.com/~phatch/whip/perfectwhip.jpg
This leaves an invisible start/finish and holds pretty tightly. Like all wraps, it can slip though. So on the current staff, I'm recessing the area for the cord wrap with a right angle edge to hold the wrap in place.
I find you need to adjust the lanyard for a good fit for uphill and a different fit for downhill. I like to braid the cord for the lanyard, a singe strand braid being the most elegant, though not as multicolored as some might like.
http://www.xmission.com/~phatch/BraidKnotInstruct.jpg
The single strands thread through the whole more cleanly than the whole braid. And they're easier to tie to adjust the lanyard.
Phil