But to directly address your question, yes, you can polish it and it will make it less likely to tarnish as severely and quickly as standard. That being said, I haven't noticed much on my 01 blades other than patina, though they are mostly edc and food prep sodbusters.
The smoother polished surface would have less microscopic indentations and places for water to hide and start to rust, pit, and patina. I have a Becker bk2 that has a near mirror polish and that requires a Lot less maintenance than my stripped bk15, bk14, and multiple others.
Do not use cold/gun blue if you plan on using the knife for any food prep.