Quenching

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Jun 28, 2024
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I'm a mature man still learning,
My questions are what is the best oil used for quenching high carbon steel, and at what temperature is best to perform a good strong quench, also how long should I leave the piece in the oil, and is oil better than water, or air to harden the metal?
 
Welcome "still Learning". Fill out your profile so we know where you live. That will help with better answers.

Park's #50 is the most popular quench oil for high carbon steels. It is a "FAST" oil. It is NOT heated, and used at ambient temps of 60-100°F. I recommend two gallons of Park's #50 as the best all-around quenchant.

Other quench oils are normally heated to 120-130°F.

Hobbyists who make normal size blades up to 4" long by 1/8" thick can use canola oil. It is warmed to 120-130°F.

For very fast quench steels, like W2, a brine quench is used by some smiths. This is a very fast and violent quench and may break/crack the blade. It is not recommended for new smiths. The salt/water mix is warmed to around 100°F.

Put your quench oil in a tall tank that allows the blade to be fully quenched. An 18" section of 4" steel pipe welded to a 12X12" steel plate makes an excellent quench tank. Many found objects can serve as a quench tank as well. Old soda tanks, tall thin buckets/cans, old fire extinguisher shell, ammo cans, ..... etc.
Whatever you use, make a lid for it to keep critters/rain/trash out as well as to stop a flare-up. The cause of a flare-up is not putting all of the blade and end of the tongs under the oil surface. Getting the tongs too hot is the biggest issue.
 
Lol! True! If there was any justice in the world we'd all have heat treating ovens.

But there isn't, and we don't.
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Lol! True! If there was any justice in the world we'd all have heat treating ovens.

But there isn't, and we don't.
And we would all have hardness testers, and ubergrinders, and power hammers, and presses ..... but we all don't.
 
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