I haven't really studied any of this, so consider the following assumptions based on logic and some experience:
If you take two knives of the exact same proportions, edge geometry/angle, and steel, one being full flat ground (FFG,) the other sabre ground, the FFG knife will be thinner behind the edge. Also, the FFG will be lighter. Both of these things can mean very little, or make a world of difference based on the length and thickness of the blade.
The FFG blade would generally be considered to have better slicing abilities than its Sabre ground counterpart because it will have more surface area to cut with. Also, the angle of the primary bevel on the FFG blade would be more acute than the Sabre ground blade, leaving less metal behind the edge.
For chopping purposes, the Sabre ground knife could offer an advantage, being that the blade would be heavier and more forward balanced. Also, the Sabre ground blade would be less likely to suffer damage to the edge when chopping, due to the fact that it will have more metal behind the edge.
My preference of blade geometry varies greatly depending on the blade size and its intended use.
Another type of geometry to look into is convex - think bullet shaped.
There are far better descriptions out there. I would recommend searching the web for descriptions of the various grinds and what their strengths and weaknesses are. I wrote this up real quick while out on a walk, so I'm sure there are plenty of details that I missed.