If you are familiar with GE's "Cold Spray" technology, you could shoot particles of the same metal that is currently in your knife blade at the scratches at very high velocity (>2000fps). The particles would bond with the blade and could then be ground down to match the existing grind. Done carefully this probably would not affect the existing polish.
A more realistic option would be to find somebody with a really high quality tig welder, use filler of the same material as your blade over the scratches, and then re-heat-treat the entire blade (tig still tends to disrupt heat treatment). Some steels do not allow welding even with really good gas shielding, so this might not work. You would still need to grind down the added metal, but again, if you are careful, this might not disrupt the existing polish.
Neither of these methods are as easy as simply re-grinding the edge and then polishing it back up, and unless you have a very strange polish/surrface treatment on the blade, the tools necessary and time investment should be a hell of a lot cheaper.