For the best refinement of S30V, diamond is a no-brainer. At coarser grit up to maybe ~ 600 or so, other abrasives like SiC can do OK for resetting or shaping the edge. But past that, the edge will respond much more favorably to diamond - and much, much more easily as well.
A single diamond hone in the 325 - 1200 range (like DMT Coarse thru EF), chosen according to finished edge preference, can make S30V a breeze to live with.
Edited to add:
Diamond will even do better in terms of finishing a coarse edge below 600, than a similarly-rated stone in SiC or (especially) aluminum oxide. That's the thing about diamond - even at a coarser grit like a Coarse DMT (325), it still does a better job cutting the vanadium carbides at the edge, than will a similar-sized grit in SiC or AlOx, simply because the diamond's hardness makes that possible. Both SiC & AlOx are somewhat less hard than the vanadium carbides, whereas the diamond is about 3X as hard. SiC or AlOx will tend just to plow the carbides out of the matrix steel at the edge, while not being able to shape the carbides much in the process. This is why, even for edges finished somewhat coarser, the finish will still be better (sharper, more durable) coming off a diamond hone. This is also why a single diamond hone can be relied upon to do everything one wants, with S30V.