I guess that with 99% probability CPM S30V will outperform any Damascus, especially made in Russia or Bulgaria. At least when damascus from one of top Russian smith (at least he represented himself this way) was tested side by side with Buck Vangard Alaskan Guide - CPM S30V, it was not even close to modern powder metallurgy high vanadium steel from Crucible.
Р6М5 - M2 but most likely it will not be as good as solid M2 when it be a component of that damascus. It is only very skilled smith can make damascus as good as its components. Usually it takes worse parts of it. I think if you may have knife out of solid P6M5 - you better go for it, but in damascus - it may not play well.
There is a lot of hype around it but it was not proven by testing. All testing actually shows that damascus has pattern which some people like, but not performance.
Only may be Boker Leo damascus with 67HRC may be perform better then other steel but it is too expensive - around $500.
Thanks, Vassili.