Alaska sourdough (or simply sourdough) is a colloquial title for an Alaskan "old-timer."
The term originated during the Klondike Gold Rush when settlers began to flood into Alaska.[1] Due to the limited availability of leavening in the remote bush of Alaska, settlers made their bread using a sourdough starter which uses flour, water, and sugar to naturally collect yeast from the air.[1] The use and consumption of this bread was so widespread that these settlers began to be known as "sourdoughs."[1]
In modern usage, the term "sourdough" can be applied to any old-timer in the state.[2]
This term is also used within Canada's Yukon territory to refer to permanent residents of the territory, sometimes defined as persons who have lived in the Yukon during all four seasons.
Sourdough created by these Alaskans did not use eggs or milk. Resources like this were far too hard to come across when traveling in such a rugged environment. The only type of eggs that Pioneer Alaskans ever saw were "Chinese Eggs" or "Cold storage eggs," and their strong flavor instantly dismissed the thought of using eggs to create their sourdough. Instead, a teaspoon of baking soda would be added to the batch of starter. Sourdough was a popular dish for the Yukons because of the high protein content in the fermented dough, so it became a valuable food source, worth more than gold or canned food.