In-town, information (usually in the form of long # sequences) is far more useful than survival gear for the wild places or back country. In that spirit:
1) On the back of my driver's license, I tape my health care info (e.g., HMO #s, allergies, blood type) and two personal contacts to call in case of emergency. (I also tape this info inside my cycling helmet, my bike kit, hiking pack, etc.; but my wallet I always have with me.) This would be important information for EMT's or others to have, for example, in case I am unconscious, esp. when I am traveling in another town or country.
2) I also have my Visa # and phone card # memorized, for use in case my wallet, cell phone, Palm Pilot, etc., is stolen. One could also print these #s in small font and tape them to a key, back of watch, back of Photon MicroLight, shoe tongue, etc., in order to always have them at-hand. Not a bad idea to reverse the #s or scramble/delete some of them, in case they "fall in the wrong hands."
I do carry a few items in my wallet, all fairly extraneous (i.e., they are duplicates of what I have elsewhere on me or in my shoulder bag, car kit, etc.):
1) I have one of those plastic duplicate car key card thingies that the Auto Club makes, gratis for members, as a back-up car key. I cut small notches along its sides and, lengthwise, have spooled three threads (about 24" each): black and white sewing threads, and white dental floss. On the back of the card, I've taped two needles and a small X-acto razor. I keep this "package" sandwiched betw business cards.
2) In the coin pocket I keep two safety pins and a Four Seasons Survival Spark-Lite (wrapped in a little Saran wrap). Sometimes I also keep a small antibiotic ointment foil in the coin pocket, but haven't for a while.
3) I usually keep 2-3 bandages in my wallet, too.
I also always have on my person a multi-tool, EDC knife-of-the-day, bandana, Space Pen, and Photon MicroLight, etc., etc.
My .02 --
Glen