Thoughts on Drying wood, and how I do it

Joined
Dec 27, 2013
Messages
2,664
Theres been a lot of talk about drying on the forum, and i reutinly get emails asking what the fastest way to dry a burl is, or how to know if a piece of ebony is dry, or how to dry the ebony super fast ans so on.

So I thought I would post some photos of what I do, and what I recommend to others.

The first and most simple fact is that not all wood is the same. If you're drying douglas fir lumber, you can easily just paint the ends with some latex paint and leave them stacked and stickered under a cover and let the breeze dry them out.

The woods that knife makers are interested in, thats not so much the case.

I would grade woods on a scale of their difficulty to dry based on their moisture, the species and the figure presented.

Woods like Rosewood, cocobolo, Ebony, Desert ironwood, curly maple, Curly acacia and the like, I coat the ends with anchor seal and stack them up inside to let them regularly air dry.

YTboAWx.jpg


This is a shelf of some fiddleback acacia I have in the shop drying this way.

For more difficult to dry woods, I go a step further. For these very green walnut burls, I use anchor seal on exposed end grain areas, and I then wrap the whole burl in plastic wrap. These I then stack in the back of the shop where they will get only light cross breezes. Im based in los angeles, so spring and summer temps are high and dry. This is how I treat most burls. As much bark as possible is cut away, end grain is sealed and the pieces are tightly wrapped in plastic. I do this for woods like Satinwood burl, Maple burl, Walnut burl, Amboyna burl, Teak burl, thuya burl and so on.

6fp8XST.jpg

xlOXKuz.jpg

52a006P.jpg

1NHrYIL.jpg


For REALLY picky or REALLY beautiful woods, I go all out. If im drying Black and white ebony, rosewood burls, acacia burl, coal black ebony or anything else I cant afford to have crack, I first coat the ends and sides with anchor seal, tightly wrap the wood in plastic wrap, then store in in a closed cardboard box packed with more plastic sheeting and store it away from any sources of heat or strong breeze.

PPh2pXI.jpg


My advice for drying wood or people who ask what the fastest way is? The fastest way is to throw it in your oven at 450 degrees for a few days. It will be bone dry. And burned. And cracked.

Whats the fastest way to dry it safely? I have no idea. wood cracking depends on moisture, existing stresses in the wood, the rate of moisture loss, the stability of the wood, the figure and a dozen other factors. Personally, as someone who sells wood for a living and buys incredibly expensive wood, I prefer a rout that may be slower than necessary, but limits the risk of cracks, checks or other defects as much as possible
 
Ben - thank you so much for that explanation. Despite potential appearances from past discussions, i understand and completely agree with what you are doing. Especially as your livelihood depends on quality wood, every crack and check is lost revenue.

i might guess that a difference in perspective, and thus the question about “how can i dry something fast” comes from two things: personal lack of available wood, and (probably to a lesser extent) a lack of reliance of personal income on that wood. Last summer, when i first started exercising this hobby, i had no wood whatsoever ... and was desperate to build at least a minimum selection. I had obtained some walnut from a local guy, and some hunks of “kinda nice” tropical wood from Woodcraft ... but both were of uncertain moisture content (maybe 15-18% or so) ... and yes, i was in a hurry to get them into a state to use). If they cracked, i would not have cried (and would have bought some scales from a vendor).

on the other hand, take someone like Randy - who finds nice wood, and for whatever reason (sounds like a mixture of income and principle :-). ) does not like to see a good piece go to waste, BUT he has a stash of wood ready to use “now” . He does not have a lack of availability, and so is not in a hurry to get that new piece dry.

now that i have a much bigger selection of wood (very probably more than i will ever use in my remaining life), i am not asking that “how to do it fast” so much. On the other hand, once i get out into the local parks (i need the exercise!) and if they let me take out found wood, i will be faced with the “how to dry really green wood” question. If i have enough ... just out of curiosity, i will likely take some, wrap it in plastic, and set it out in a partly sunny place. If it cracks, i will not cry. If it comes through ok ... i will go “hmmm ... kinda cool information” .. but outside of curiosity, i dont personally really care either way.

so in my mind, the question “how to dry wood fast” comes from a reasonable perspective. The answer might be “you cant”. It might be “you can with some woods, but there is risk i am willing to take”, it might be “maybe, but there is no way at all i want to take the risk” (even professionally kiln dried wood sometimes splits). It is just a matter of, equally understandable, perspectives.

(and yet, those pieces of ebony i have still sit on my wood rack. Occasionally i look at them and wonder if i dare use them as bolsters on a Wa handle, and i also dont dare put them in my drying box. Go figure. :-). )

FWIW.
 
Ben - thank you so much for that explanation. Despite potential appearances from past discussions, i understand and completely agree with what you are doing. Especially as your livelihood depends on quality wood, every crack and check is lost revenue.

i might guess that a difference in perspective, and thus the question about “how can i dry something fast” comes from two things: personal lack of available wood, and (probably to a lesser extent) a lack of reliance of personal income on that wood. Last summer, when i first started exercising this hobby, i had no wood whatsoever ... and was desperate to build at least a minimum selection. I had obtained some walnut from a local guy, and some hunks of “kinda nice” tropical wood from Woodcraft ... but both were of uncertain moisture content (maybe 15-18% or so) ... and yes, i was in a hurry to get them into a state to use). If they cracked, i would not have cried (and would have bought some scales from a vendor).

on the other hand, take someone like Randy - who finds nice wood, and for whatever reason (sounds like a mixture of income and principle :). ) does not like to see a good piece go to waste, BUT he has a stash of wood ready to use “now” . He does not have a lack of availability, and so is not in a hurry to get that new piece dry.

now that i have a much bigger selection of wood (very probably more than i will ever use in my remaining life), i am not asking that “how to do it fast” so much. On the other hand, once i get out into the local parks (i need the exercise!) and if they let me take out found wood, i will be faced with the “how to dry really green wood” question. If i have enough ... just out of curiosity, i will likely take some, wrap it in plastic, and set it out in a partly sunny place. If it cracks, i will not cry. If it comes through ok ... i will go “hmmm ... kinda cool information” .. but outside of curiosity, i dont personally really care either way.

so in my mind, the question “how to dry wood fast” comes from a reasonable perspective. The answer might be “you cant”. It might be “you can with some woods, but there is risk i am willing to take”, it might be “maybe, but there is no way at all i want to take the risk” (even professionally kiln dried wood sometimes splits). It is just a matter of, equally understandable, perspectives.

(and yet, those pieces of ebony i have still sit on my wood rack. Occasionally i look at them and wonder if i dare use them as bolsters on a Wa handle, and i also dont dare put them in my drying box. Go figure. :). )

FWIW.

I dont want you to feel as though you're being called out, I just wanted to explain why I thought the questions was flawed.

Every single piece of wood has a theoretical fastest it can be dried safely, but there isnt any consistency between species and even specific blocks. My point is simply that drying is an imprecise science, and if you want to experiment, you're welcome to, but know that drying wood is hard and I think most people would underestimate what it takes to crack.

I also need to he extra careful with my woods, not only are they VERY expensive, but I live in Los Angeles, which is very warm and very dry, and probably will be until early November. Could you air dry walnut burls in cool, moist Washington state foothills? Maybe.
 
Ben ..
I do not feel like i am being singled out ... especially as you say you often get that question.... and as i said, i actually agree withthe vast majority of what you say. I also think it is very telling what you need to do to safely dry various species!
 
I dont want you to feel as though you're being called out, I just wanted to explain why I thought the questions was flawed.

Every single piece of wood has a theoretical fastest it can be dried safely, but there isnt any consistency between species and even specific blocks. My point is simply that drying is an imprecise science, and if you want to experiment, you're welcome to, but know that drying wood is hard and I think most people would underestimate what it takes to crack.

It's this...there are so many variables that it would take years and years to have enough experience to know the individual specifics of each piece of wood and how to dry that piece fastest. I have enough years at it that I know that it is really really easy to to underestimate what it takes to crack too, and when it does there is no way of fixing the mistake.

on the other hand, take someone like Randy - who finds nice wood, and for whatever reason (sounds like a mixture of income and principle :). ) does not like to see a good piece go to waste, BUT he has a stash of wood ready to use “now” . He does not have a lack of availability, and so is not in a hurry to get that new piece dry.

I'm the principal of an elementary school that is in the bush every day. Finding nice wood for handles and native american flutes is sort of my hobby. The wood I find and dry is used by me and my students. My grade 7s get to make their own knife and sheath each year....I do the grinding, they put a handle on, shape it, and make a sheath. 14 kids will be finishing their sheaths and knives when this covid stuff ends. So I am supplying more than just myself! I just think there is something cool about reclaiming amazing wood and using it. A step up from buying it somewhere. Doesn't take much of my time, makes me look at my surroundings differently, and I save a lot of money doing it this way.

Maybe one day when I retire from education I will become the next Ben Greenberg ;) on a part time basis!
 
It's this...there are so many variables that it would take years and years to have enough experience to know the individual specifics of each piece of wood and how to dry that piece fastest. I have enough years at it that I know that it is really really easy to to underestimate what it takes to crack too, and when it does there is no way of fixing the mistake.



I'm the principal of an elementary school that is in the bush every day. Finding nice wood for handles and native american flutes is sort of my hobby. The wood I find and dry is used by me and my students. My grade 7s get to make their own knife and sheath each year....I do the grinding, they put a handle on, shape it, and make a sheath. 14 kids will be finishing their sheaths and knives when this covid stuff ends. So I am supplying more than just myself! I just think there is something cool about reclaiming amazing wood and using it. A step up from buying it somewhere. Doesn't take much of my time, makes me look at my surroundings differently, and I save a lot of money doing it this way.

Maybe one day when I retire from education I will become the next Ben Greenberg ;) on a part time basis!

My wood collection started when I was 14, and I'm 23 now! Let me know if you ever need some blocks to start the real collection
 
Lol. Randy, i get it ... you NEED that wood for the kids. Youget no argument from me!
 
I grew up at the family sawmill where we had a 65,000 bd ft kiln that we dried hardwoods for the furniture market. I left there to take my cabinet making full time. So, I have been in the wood business all my life.

Even if you could dry a piece of wood fast without it checking, cracking or splitting, it doesn't mean you haven't ruined it. Have you ever split a block and had it warp immediately, even pinch the blade as you are cutting it? This is usually from drying too fast and inducing stress into the wood. Once stress is dried into the wood, it could always be there, or take a long time to release naturally. If used before it releases naturally, every time you cut, sand or grind some away, that stress will try to release from the wood causing it to warp or move.
 
My wood collection started when I was 14, and I'm 23 now! Let me know if you ever need some blocks to start the real collection

I probably have enough maple burls and curly maple to make about 500 blocks if I wanted. Some really cool birch that looks like chocolate swirl too. But beyond that I don't have near the variety of species that you have Ben. I have some butternut that will make really nice flutes and some redwood for flutes...but everything I have was found. So the variety of species is limited to the pacific northwest and places I drive.

Have you ever split a block and had it warp immediately, even pinch the blade as you are cutting it? This is usually from drying too fast and inducing stress into the wood. Once stress is dried into the wood, it could always be there, or take a long time to release naturally. If used before it releases naturally, every time you cut, sand or grind some away, that stress will try to release from the wood causing it to warp or move.

I am always amazed by the tension and stress in some pieces of wood. I thought I had done a good job of sealing the ends on some apple and cherry and it tore itself to pieces. Sometimes stuff that has been on my shelf for years winds up warping after I cut it. It's crazy sometimes.
 
Something I've been wondering:
If gou have a block of wood (say ebony) and it cracked, is it safe to use the wood between the cracks or can you expect it to crack as well?
 
Question as well, how long is a normal time frame for drying wood. My garage will gethot in summer, will this be bad, live in low desert (San Bernardino)? I ask because neighbors just cut down a walnut tree and maple, keep looking at those blocks of wood they are throwing away.
 
Last edited:
Even if you could dry a piece of wood fast without it checking, cracking or splitting, it doesn't mean you haven't ruined it..
Gene - in your experience, do you get more of that “warping after cutting” when you kiln dry ... or is the frequency of that occurrance the same whether kiln or “naturally” dried? I can easily see how stresses develop while drying, but it is mystery to me how they could be “relaxed”. Not doubting that at all ... i just dont understand how fibers could move enough to relax and stresses...
 
Very interesting thread Ben. I might have missed it but how long do you leave the blocks wrapped in the plastic? You are just coming up on your 10 year anniversary in wood so it can't be that long. I just finished up a table for my daughter from some cherry that I stashed in an open semi trailer about ten years ago. It was DRY. I also made a couple of saya from Magnolia that has been in the open loft area of my house for ten years and it was DRY. In both cases the wood was sawed into 1 inch boards.
I also have thrown some small block of mesquite and some hickory blocks into my bottom desk drawer for a couple of years. I vacuum packed the mesquite with my Vacmaster food packer just to keep the bugs out of it. It seems to have dried in a vacuum bag. How can it dry without air movement? Anyway I sent pieces of all this wood off to K&G but have not yet worked with it. Time will tell. Thanks again for this thread.
 
When I saw logs on my Woodmizer mill I am amazed at and ( frustrated by) the stresses in the wood. Just pulled the red oak top off my Knife shop desk/assembly table. It has been in use for over three years yet cupped over 1/4" across a 14 inch slab 2.5 inches thick. Got a little twist over a six foot length too. I ran them back through the big thickness planer and plan to put them back on the desk base today. I have two other benches I milled from the same log at the same time and they are even worse than the desk top.
 
I speed dried some cherry milled from a log that had been standing dead. I rough cut it into cutting boards about 12 by 18 inches and about 5/8 thick. I threw them into my wife's oven set on dehydrate. Twisted like you would not believe and lost a pound of moisture out of each board. Just amazing. However, I was able to get them flat by repeated passes thru the drum sander but they are now only about 3/8 thick They ave been laying out in open Florida air for a month or more and seem stable.
 
Ben,

I cut down a few way overgrown lilac 'bushes' last summer and have been drying them (I live in a relatively humid place) slowly.

A few pieces I opted to dry had a hole straight down the center - it was quite common among the 4 or 5 bushes I took down for my Mom. These pieces range about 3"-5" in diameter for reference. The center is all gone on the larger pieces (the pith? about 3/8"). They were still very much alive when I cut them down.

I just jammed copious amounts of wax into the holes (along with on the ends). It seems to be working ok - I've only lost one piece out of about 20 so far.

Would you have done the same? Despite the missing center there is still alot of cool naturally pinkish/purple/maroon wood to be had!

I was going to send the pieces to K&G for stabilization still in the round (probably in another year or so I figured)

Just curious to what you thought:)
 
Theres been a lot of talk about drying on the forum, and i reutinly get emails asking what the fastest way to dry a burl is, or how to know if a piece of ebony is dry, or how to dry the ebony super fast ans so on.

So I thought I would post some photos of what I do, and what I recommend to others.

The first and most simple fact is that not all wood is the same. If you're drying douglas fir lumber, you can easily just paint the ends with some latex paint and leave them stacked and stickered under a cover and let the breeze dry them out.

The woods that knife makers are interested in, thats not so much the case.

I would grade woods on a scale of their difficulty to dry based on their moisture, the species and the figure presented.

Woods like Rosewood, cocobolo, Ebony, Desert ironwood, curly maple, Curly acacia and the like, I coat the ends with anchor seal and stack them up inside to let them regularly air dry.

YTboAWx.jpg


This is a shelf of some fiddleback acacia I have in the shop drying this way.

For more difficult to dry woods, I go a step further. For these very green walnut burls, I use anchor seal on exposed end grain areas, and I then wrap the whole burl in plastic wrap. These I then stack in the back of the shop where they will get only light cross breezes. Im based in los angeles, so spring and summer temps are high and dry. This is how I treat most burls. As much bark as possible is cut away, end grain is sealed and the pieces are tightly wrapped in plastic. I do this for woods like Satinwood burl, Maple burl, Walnut burl, Amboyna burl, Teak burl, thuya burl and so on.

6fp8XST.jpg

xlOXKuz.jpg

52a006P.jpg

1NHrYIL.jpg


For REALLY picky or REALLY beautiful woods, I go all out. If im drying Black and white ebony, rosewood burls, acacia burl, coal black ebony or anything else I cant afford to have crack, I first coat the ends and sides with anchor seal, tightly wrap the wood in plastic wrap, then store in in a closed cardboard box packed with more plastic sheeting and store it away from any sources of heat or strong breeze.

PPh2pXI.jpg


My advice for drying wood or people who ask what the fastest way is? The fastest way is to throw it in your oven at 450 degrees for a few days. It will be bone dry. And burned. And cracked.

Whats the fastest way to dry it safely? I have no idea. wood cracking depends on moisture, existing stresses in the wood, the rate of moisture loss, the stability of the wood, the figure and a dozen other factors. Personally, as someone who sells wood for a living and buys incredibly expensive wood, I prefer a rout that may be slower than necessary, but limits the risk of cracks, checks or other defects as much as possible

I let my black and white ebony dry 7 years in wax before I used it.
 
Question as well, how long is a normal time frame for drying wood. My garage will gethot in summer, will this be bad, live in low desert (San Bernardino)? I ask because neighbors just cut down a walnut tree and maple, keep looking at those blocks of wood they are throwing away.

It depends in your space, how thick the lumber is, general rule of 1 year an inch for for seasoned slab lumber, but that doesnt need to all be indoors
 
Back
Top