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UInfiltered drinking water: Do you wear a shark suit when you swim?

Joined
Jul 27, 2006
Messages
1,730
Drink Unfiltered water??
When, after all these years, we have been brainwashed that all water sources are to be considered tainted by Crypto and Giardia?? When we have been told we must have a $100+ water system with us, or face certain death by micro-organisms?

The available scientific evidence, which is
admittedly limited because of the scarcity of
funding for testing wilderness water quality,
confirms Derlet's findings. The threat is comparable to the chances of beachgoers being attacked by a shark, according to University of
Cincinnati researchers who studied the danger
giardia poses to backpackers, namely "an
extraordinarily rare event to which the public and
the press have seemingly devoted inappropriate
attention."


http://highadventure.bsadpc.org/LA-...#search=" water hiking wilderness unfiltered"

So, who wears a chain-mail Shark Suit when they go swimming?

I personally think there is some middle ground. Common sense, check your surroundings. A lot of survival material is predicated on covering natural disasters, human disasters and everything in between. Rather than list all the methods for procuremnt of water, and "what if" scenarios, The CDC issues a blanket statement: To ENSURE pure drinking water, bring it to a rolling boil. They don't say for 15 mins, they only say a rolling boil! The 10 min rule was added by someone else. The reason they say "rolling" boil, is that they know some people will see a couple of bubbles and say "good enough". So they already have inserted a safety factor with the rolling boil statement. Then someone else prints a 5 min boil, then 10 mins. and so on. Soon we will be boiling the entire contents, and raising a tarp to catch the elusive condensate!

I would boil it for 10 full minutes (at sea level) IF I knew it was "highly suspect", sure. Like if I were doing relief work on the African continent.
Hell, I'd use the 3-foot tall sand filter, then boil, then Aqua-tabs or bleach on top of that! Cholera is no joke.
It's all based on level of risk. There is even a level of risk drinking tap water.

If I were hiking or camping a semi-populated area (meaning frequented by other hikers on a regular basis) , sure, it's to easy to boil it or treat it. You have your stove out, or your campfire going, sure, why not, it's too easy.
I don't want to drink some other hikers untreated micro-poop particles, regardless of whether they carry the crypto spore! :barf:

In a post-Katrina-type of-mess, again, you MUST do everything in your power to clean that water, Lake Ponchotrain is a Septic Pool of fetid material which has overflowed into everywhere. yuck. filter, treat, filter, then treat again, then boil...whatever.

The point being, use some good common sense. A lot of Americans, and those in the Western world have cushy life styles and I dread the thought they even have the common sense to use. But, for those of us in this forum, I'd wager we have a good enough sense of our surroundings to take appropriate measures that would give us a 99.9% safety factor.

One of the Steri-straw type of devices is supposedly good for 20 gallons. Let's cut that in half, and say 10 gallons. Let's say that we, in this forum are smart enough to dip a container of H2o from, it's source and let it sit, so the particles settle out, thu clogging the filter less-rapidly.
10 gallons of safe drinking water should get us a long way. I carry one in my pack. Cheap insurance.

I guess what I am suggesting, based on this article, is given your dire circumstances, don't die of dehydration trying to build a solar still that will only provide you with 2 ozs. of water per day, not when you have a clean cool running stream close by. Save yourself, take a sip.

If you are a day hiker or camper, it's likely you are closer to civilization, and closer to contaminants, you also are NOT in survival situation, you have all of your gear, boil it or treat it. What else are you doing anyway, singing Koombiya around the fire with a bunch of GreenPeace hippie treehuggers? ;)

If you are out in the middle of the Sonoran desert, facing rapid dehydration, you will be lucky to even find running water. If you do, I know you will drink it. I have, (not in Sonora, but elsewhere, much less inhospitable, but thirst is thirst no matter where you are) and the last thing on my mind was filtration, it was more of a primal push, an instinct to bend down and drink.

Rinse a wee bit around your mucous membranes, pray that it doesn't sting or taste like sulfer or some other naturally occurring compound.

If you have ever gotten light-headed from dehydration, cramps, your thinking gotten a bit fuzzy, then you know what I am talking about. Look for a reasonable spot, and take a drink.

It's all in context of your predicament.

Water that is running over a rock, at a gallon per minute is safe, that's what we were taught in boy scouts. Now, they say that a pooled area of a running stream is better, (I said running stream ), because the little micro-critters are heavier than water and will fall out of suspension to the bottom. SO, drink from the top inch , the critters are most likely down below, if they are even present at all.

Use good sense, and what you have learned during your life. But don't die because you are unable to adequately purify per CDC specs.

Fact is this, you are many times more likely to contract E.coli or the like, from your hands while preparing food, or salmonella from not properly cooking the food, than you are Giardia from drinking water.

If we are going to be skeptical, that's fine, but let's spread it evenly, let's be skeptical of certain water sources, but also skeptical of the $100 millions of dollars being collected by filter makers and the information they publish.
If you were in the filtration business, what kind of info would you publish?


i am not saying go out and drink from streams with a clear concious, use some common sense and some learned sense, and weigh your circumstances.

There is a big difference between a true survival situation and a weekend hike with friends.
 
I drank from streams all my youth and am none the worse for it. Like you said you gotta watch out for the risk level. It doesnt take long to boil water tho so why not if youve got the time.
 
SkunkWerX said:
If you have ever gotten light-headed from dehydration, cramps, your thinking gotten a bit fuzzy, then you know what I am talking about. Look for a reasonable spot, and take a drink.
Yep, should be obvious, but if you're heading right into dehydration, in dangerous condition (alone...), any water (polluted, untreated, glowing in dark...), is good enough, 'cause whatever it may cause you later (giardia, cholera, parasites...), it's likely to be better than dying here and now.
 
I too drank from creeks when I was young , many times.
One time I got a terrible sore in mouth from it, it went away but it was no fun , I assume it was a parasite of some sort.

The danger might not be what is in the water in your particular spot where the rolling water is very cold and pristine looking , but upstream a few hundred yards where that decomposing deer is laying in the creek.
Just a hypothetical for ya but , precautions should still be taken.
Who knows , it might be more dangerous drinking water from our taps nowadays , depending on where we live.
 
When young, I used to drink water from steams all the time, but today, I think of most water sources as contaminated. Maybe it's just where I live and play, but over population, mining and timber operations, roads and urban sprawl have all had their hand at contaminating the fresh water sources.
 
Were these folks clinically tested and diagnosed as Giardia, if so, where did the get it, What part of the country?

As the article stated, many hikers "assume" Giardia, when really they have picked up something from food prep and/or unwashed hands.
 
One of my good childhood friends fathers was an emergency room surgeon. We heard many a story about a giardia infected human fountain that made it to the ER.
 
Josh Feltman said:
Same here.

Just the fact that so many people have either personally gotten giardia, or know someone who has gotten giardia, means that's it's absolute nonsense that the risk of giardia is about the same risk of shark attack, in my opinion. I suspect most people don't know anyone firsthand who has been attacked by a shark, even though much more people probably engage in swimming at the beach than drinking unfiltered water from backcountry streams. Whereas many people who hike or camp know people firsthand who have gotten some type of intestinal distress from same.

That said, I agree with the rest of the post ... if you're in a survival situation, at some point you may have to make a decision between dying of dehydration or taking a risk on untreated water, and when it gets to that point, drink the untreated water. Sound advice, I just can't buy the risk comparison to shark attack.
 
I wouldnt drink from any streams anymore, its just not worth the risk. On paper the US is one of the worst places to live due to polution, we have acid rain, almost no clean natural water, the school system isnt the best. But I still love the good ol USA:thumbup:

Some iodine tablets dont cost too much and are easy to carry if you HAD to drink the water. I live near a river that is a shitter dump for a few towns and a larger town 40-50 miles away drinks from it :barf: , I have also seen a dead deer laying in this river clogged on a log and a shity sand bar:barf: :barf: :barf: :barf:
 
Hey using technical words like micro poop particles will not impress anyone . L:O:L

I will read the posts when I have finished my oktoberfest sausages with coarse ground mustard supper . A few red taters and carrots thrown in rolling boiled water . L:O:L

Did I mention the three beers to wash all this down ?

I wqould surely like to believe you my friend . I am a little tired of drinking javel tasting water . And thats out of my tap .
 
If we limit ourselves to the relatively safe U.S. (no cholera, for example) Giardia lamblia is hardly the only water-borne pathogen to concern us. Cryptosporidium parvum ("crypto"), Campylobacter, and E. coli are also rather significant risks.

According to the Gov., for 1598-2005 there were 798 shark attacks in the waters of the United States, resulting in 39 fatalities -- none, I might add, where I go backpacking. :D

In 1993, 400,000 people were infected by crypto in Milwaukee. 100 died. Those in good health rarely died. They did suffer an average if twelve (12) days of watery diarrhea, peaking at nineteen (19) watery bowel movements per day and a typical loss of weight of ten (10) pounds.

In an incident in the past ten years, 2300 got sick in Walkerton, Canada, from water-borne pathogens. Seven died.

So water-bourne pathogens are a far more significant risk than shark attacks - especially on land.

The CDC calls water-bourne pathogens "a major cause of morbidity and mortality."

Crypto, like Giardia, is spread by a variety of mammels. Bambi (or Billy) drinks from an infected stream, takes a dump in or near the stream over the ridge, and the second stream is a risk. (Hence the rules in the parks and forests mandating [Pious hope!] hundreds of feet between streams and places where one takes a "dump.")

Estimates for distribution of Giardia that I found on the internet range from "most" to 16 - 17.8% of total surface water sources (Distribution of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Surface Waters, Abrams, Lechevallier, and Abbaszadegan, Abstracts of the General Meeting of the Society of Microbiology, 1999).

In a survival situation, you are already nearer the edge than the norm. Increasing the risks for an adverse result by drinking untreated surface water seems ill-advised. Twelve days of watery diarrhea, peaking at 19 bm's a day might tip the margin to non-survival.

But suit yourself.

Ed: If you are dying of thirst, you do what you have to do. But as noted by SkunkWerX, because a relatively slight weight penalty solves the problem, why not have that gear? And if time allows, boiling or even slow sand filtration is quite effective. We ought to reason to the correct solution from the facts.

NOTE: Neither iodine or bleach are a safe preventive for Crypto.
 
I do a lot of backpacking in the Sierra, and I have paid attention to water contamination issues there. A few years back a study was done, samples were taken from a variety of locations. IIRC, around 10% of the samples had Giardia in sufficient numbers to cause illness. Of course, the lower elevation sources that saw a lot of human traffic were higher risk. But do you want to take a 10% risk? On a weeklong backpacking trip, I prefer not to. If it comes down to drinking questionable water or risking death from dehydration, of course I'll drink. You can always be treated later for giardia, or crypto, or whatever else you may pick up in most backcountry areas in the US. But as a matter of habit, I'll try to avoid the risk. But I have been sorely tempted at times when looking at snowmelt streams above 12,000'.
 
My cottage was built on deep layers of sand and gravel filled earth . Proabably a great filtration system . I wouldn,t want to change the cartridge though . L:O:L
 
Now I agree with you, if I am thirsty and dehydrated(been there) then I will surley drink almost anywater I find especially if I am in a survival situation. I had Giarda and it is no picnic I lost about 8 pounds. I am super water careful because of it and anyone who has had it understands why. I boil or filter any water now, I use a brita filter at home. If I am dying of thirst well thats another story. I rarley drink out of wells or even springs w/o boiling it first. I like this post, some good filtration information in here:D
 
Kevin the grey said:
My cottage was built on deep layers of sand and gravel filled earth . Proabably a great filtration system . I wouldn,t want to change the cartridge though . L:O:L


The italians used to make ceramic tubes 5 feet long and 3 feet across with perferations on one end. They would dig a parabolic shaped hole in the ground and sit the pipe in the hole with the perferated end down. They'd fill the hole around the outside of the pipe with sand and rocks. When it rained water would sink into the sand and be filtered and then seep through the bottom of the pipe. It was a basic auto filtering cistern. They would access the water at the bottom of the pipe like it was a shallow well.
 
SkunkWerX said:
The available scientific evidence, which is
admittedly limited because of the scarcity of
funding for testing wilderness water quality,
confirms Derlet's findings. The threat is comparable to the chances of beachgoers being attacked by a shark, according to University of
Cincinnati researchers who studied the danger
giardia poses to backpackers, namely "an
extraordinarily rare event to which the public and
the press have seemingly devoted inappropriate
attention."



Water that is running over a rock, at a gallon per minute is safe, that's what we were taught in boy scouts. Now, they say that a pooled area of a running stream is better, (I said running stream ), because the little micro-critters are heavier than water and will fall out of suspension to the bottom. SO, drink from the top inch , the critters are most likely down below, if they are even present at all.


Fact is this, you are many times more likely to contract E.coli or the like, from your hands while preparing food, or salmonella from not properly cooking the food, than you are Giardia from drinking water.

One article does not tell the whole story. I suggest you do some more research before announcing that drinking untreated water poses essentially no risk. It may be true in some locales, but giardia, for example, is far more common in the Rockies than it is in the Sierra.

Yes, common sense will help you to decide, based on the conditions and the surroundings, whether the risk is high or low. In many cases the risk is low. But there ARE bugs in the water, EVERY stream and lake, some good, some bad. Sometimes in sufficient quantity to make you sick. And you can't tell by looking at it. And there's more than just giardia and crypto. And the same source may be fine today but not tomorrow.

The article is misleading in that it says that some reported illnesses "may" not have been caused by the water, since giardia was not found. But the very same microbes they quote as possible culprits ARE found in natural waters, not just spread by poor sanitation practices on the part of the hikers. It is true that poor sanitation contributes to a large percentage of backcountry illnesses, but that does not mean that it does not happen due to the water.

As for water running over the rock being safe, that is complete fallacy. Just what mechanism magically makes water running over a rock safe to drink? Also, the critters are far too small to settle out of the water in any reasonable length of time. I calculate the settling velocity of a 15 micron sphere (large for a giardia cyst) with a density 10% greater than water (also quite conservative) to be 0.00004 ft/second. The turbulence in even a slow moving stream is far greater than the settling velocity, so they will not settle out as you say.
 
Here's an interesting read:

http://www.yosemite.org/naturenotes/Giardia.htm

Caveat: This only addresses giardia in the Sierra. Ther are other things out there. As stated above, the risk may be low in many situations, but not all, and you can't tell by looking at the water. Common sense helps in water selection. You pays your money and you takes your chances.

And as stated above, proper sanitation goes a long way to help prevent illness.

A study done by Proctor and Gamble in poor squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan, found that plain soap was just as effective as antimicrobial soap at reducing cases of pneumonia and diarrhea. Both types of soap reduced the incidence by half or more. It was the act of washing hands on a regular basis that made a big difference.
 
Just to tell you there is a spring where I go hunt that many people get their water from . Cool and clean . No-one boils it and they drink a lot of it . Never a problem . This is a mountain spring but it is not so isolated as to be pristine .
 
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