What is High Speed Steel?

Joined
Feb 24, 2000
Messages
1,867
I am interested in making some tools for my wood lathe. I notice that in the wood lathe catalogs most of their tools are made of what they call high speed steel. What is this?
 
It's really, really fast. It's what they make bullet trains, rockets and jet airplanes out of. ;)


http://crucibleservice.com/eselector/prodbyapp/highspeed/highspeedappintro.html


High Speed Steels are high-alloy, W-Mo-V-Co bearing steels designed to cut other materials efficiently at high speeds, despite the extreme heat generated at the tool’s cutting edge. This heat can reach 1000F and more depending on cutting conditions, coolants used and other operational factors.

To provide good cutting tool performance, a High Speed Steel must have three basic characteristics:

First, the capacity for heat treatment to high room temperature hardness - usually from a minimum nominal hardness of 63 HRC to a maximum nominal hardness of 68 HRC. High hardness is necessary for good wear resistance.

Second, the capacity for maintaining high hardness at elevated temperatures. This is called red hardness. High Speed Steels are subjected to considerable heat where the cutting edge meets the work piece chip interface. Red hardness is essential.

Third, High Speed Steels must have enough impact toughness to handle interrupted cut tooling applications. They are notably tougher than carbide or ceramic materials.

Naturally, in addition to these three basic characteristics, High Speed Steel must be capable of being fabricated, hot worked, machined, ground, and whatever is necessary to manufacture a given cutting tool.


Craig
 
For wood turning tools you don't really need something that will do well at high temperature. I would start out with A2. Sometimes the term 'high speed steel' is used rather casually so it may not be the 'M' series steels.
 
I have a question along such lines....

At a army/surplus store near my farm they have for sale some things that I guess a tool-and-die guy would use with a metal cutting tool.......I think they also list some steel in a box of stuff as High Speed....they look like square bars of steel about 6 inches long about 1 inch thick with a cutting edge on one end.

Now what would the chance that such steel could be forged down to make a knife blade?
 
If you want to spend the time to figure out how to heat treat it, you ought to be able to make a good knife out of it. If it's a type of tool steel, it's hardenable.
 
I've worked with some "HSS" industrial hacksaw blades from PNN New Zealand. They're pretty tough to drill, but according to the manufacturer you can get them real hot while grinding before damaging the temper. The upside, as long as you take care while working them, you don't have to heat treat after finishing.
 
M2 is the only HSS I'm very familiar with. Mostly due to its high tungsten content (I think), it'll hold 57 rockwell at 1000 degrees farenheit. It'll hold an edge practically forever, but it's pretty brittle when ground thin.

Todd
 
Back
Top