Danny,
Japan has to be the ultimate place to find cool wood finishing supplies. Have you checked?
I agree that sanding wood finer than about 320 grit is pointless except on very dense wood. I like to sand the wood level to the bolster and even sand the bolster a bit so there is a smooth transition from wood or horn to brass (or steel). 4/0 steel wool at the end will bring up enough shine on the metal parts for my taste.
Any penetrating stain will do -if you can't locate a penetrating wood stain, leather dye, even cloth dye will work fine. You want to avoid the stain that just sits on the surface - it wears off quickly. Stain always seems to lighten with the subsequent steps, so going a little dark is OK, and you can apply successive coats until it's right.
If you can't locate Birchwood Casey Tru Oil, 1/3 Polyurethane or spar varnish 1/3 Tung or boiled linseed oil, 1/3 mineral spirits or turpentine will give you good results after a few coats. I believe Pen puts some acetone in to make it penetrate better and dry quicker(?) I rub it in with my hand, wipe off excess with a paper towel or rag. I usually do 6 to 8 coats, sometimes more if needed, sanding lightly between. I like to put on enough coats of finish so the pores of the wood are filled level. As I said, 4/0 steel wool when you're done and the results are a non shiny sort-of flat finish.If you want a little more gloss, a few coats of paste wax will do it, but wait a week before using it to make sure the varnish/oil is dry.
Be patient, it takes time. A warm place will speed drying, but sanding a still-tacky finish just makes a big mess. Have fun
Best, Brian
