110 Heat Treat oven

Joined
Oct 2, 2009
Messages
380
I am planning a build for a 110 Heat Treat oven,
I do not have access to 220 that is why I need 110!

The steel for the oven I can get almost free from work.
I know I need soft insulating firebricks.

I was told to use these for the pid, relay, and thermocouple
http://www.auberins.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=1&products_id=14
http://www.auberins.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=129
http://www.auberins.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=3&products_id=39
http://www.auberins.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=30
http://www.auberins.com/index.php?main_page=product_info&cPath=2&products_id=30

And then I am not sure but I think I need 1 #7101 element
http://www.budgetcastingsupply.com/Heating_Elements_Controllers.php

If there is anything else I need or anything different please let me know!!!

Also I have no clue on the wiring but I can worry about that when the time comes.

I am also wondering about adding a switch on the control box where I can turn the power to the coils on and off instead of unplugging it, for when I open and shut the door.
 
Last edited:
I re did my kiln using some of the materials you show. Couple of things

1. you have a relay and a SSR you really only need one, I would get the 40a ssr just to make sure you dont burn out, the controller has a relay and ssr control built in.

2. you need a high temperture terminal block and some high temp wire to go from the ssr to your heating element, you can use some stainless bolts to connect the two but you need the high temp wire to connect,

3. might think about a heat sink for the ssr, may not need it for 110 but better safe.

4. I would not put a switch on the element, alot of amperage to control, you can use the controller to shut down if needed, I would add a switch to the controler so it does not come on when you plug in.

5. you need a mounting box for the controller, they are usually designed to be mounted into a control panel of some sort.

6. dont worry about opening and shutting the door, you will not have it open more than a couple of seconds.
 
I just finished my oven TODAY. I will run through what I think you need to look at. My oven's inside dimensions are 4.5" wide 4.5" tall and 27" deep. It is ran off od 220 and reaches 1600 degrees in less than 15 minutes, it aint pretty but it works darn good. The following is what I purchased for it, the only thing you would need to change is the element because you are running 110v instead of 220v, which I will show you.

To help you as much as possible I would need to know the size of your oven, and the amount of 110v electricity you have to run to it, I will assume you have a 20 amp dedicated circuit for it. Here is what I would suggest.

I would get the following from auberins, who ever pointed you in the direction of the items you listed is, well... just plain wrong. Here is what I would get and I will explain why.

1. The PID - I would suggest going for the Ramp/Soak option, it will cost you another $40 but it is well worth it. HERE is the link for the PID The reason you may need the Ramp/Soak, you can program this PID to hold at a certain temperature for a set time and then automatically ramp up(this makes it easier to heat treat the more advanced steels), this one allows 30 different set points and you can create an almost infinite number of programs using this. I bought this one and def do not regret it. These 30 "steps" can each be programmed to a set temp and from then on out all you have to do is select the step programmed with the temp you need and presto, no more changin the temps everytime you need to heat treat a different type of steel, this alone is worth the $40, I am working on a list of all the steels I plan on using and programming these heat treat steps or temperatures, that way I only need to reference the sheet and select the steps I have assigned. Side note here, please heed this advice, when you wire the PID to your power source, you need to get a 1 amp 250v SLOW BLOW fuse(they are the small glass cylinder type) and fuse holder from radio shack and wire it to the hot leg(it will cost $6 for both of them and you will get extra fuses) this will keep the PID safe from a jump in the amperage in the line which WILL happen sooner or later… it can be caused by a simple fluctuation in power from turning on a switch in the house. Auberins will not warrant the PID if you burn it up. Also I built a make shift box for my PID, no need to buy one if you can fabricate something to just hold it in place.

Thermocouple:

You DO NOT NEED the ceramic coated kiln thermocouple, you need THIS ONE
It saves you $4 and it is all integral and plenty long, just hook it up and go, no cutting needed. The reason I say this is it is rated for 2000 degrees which is plenty high for heat treating, you may get close to that with some stainless steels but I dont think you will ever surpass it, its the one I use, it works very well.

SSR:

You need a SSR that is rated for 25 amps, you also need the heat sink because you WILL need to run as much amperage through the element as possible, anything over 10 amps auberins recommends the heat sink, as do I there is no reason for the 40 amp rating unless you have a 30 amp dedicated circuit and you plan on pushing that much through a 110v element... which would cost you a fortune. Hereis the link for the SSR and HERE is the link for the heat sink. Just as a note, the Heat Sink will come with a paste, you need to spread it evenly on the top of the heat sink where the SSR sits, this paste is a thermal paste that assists the heat transfer between the SSR and the heat sink.

Duralite Sells all the elements and high temp wire you will need.

Element is HERE You need to get the highest rated element you can get for 110v, I would get the 110v 2000w rated element, this one will pull 17 amps into your oven and will prob heat it fairly quickly if your oven isn't very big.

High Heat Wire: You need this wire to run from your SSR and neutral wire to your element, you will need at least #12awg. You can find it HERE



Now for the tricky part, connecting the high heat wire to the elements. The element connection needs to be inside the oven, the high heat wire connection needs to be on the outside face of the oven. You can use a bolt, or you can do what I did. I used 2 4" pieces of 1/4" OD Stainless Steel tubing as crimps. On one end I crimped the element and the other I crimped the high heat wire, this gives you a good permanent connection from your elements to the high heat wire. If you ever have to change your elements you will just have to use a new high heat wire or just leave enough slack in your high heat wire for a just in case(this is what I did, that way you can just cut it off at the crimp and recrimp a new element to a new piece of tubing), but the connection I feel is better, you will need a vice to crimp the tubing to the wire and element, just do it all before you even start to install the element.THE TUBE HAS TO BE STAINLESS, Its the only thing rated at a high enough temp to handle all your HT needs, my SS tubing is 440c you can get it at any knife making supply or amazon (I get mine from amazon) its the same thing a lot of people use for their lanyard(thong) holes in their knives.

As far as finding fire brick. Look up Refractories in your areas yellowpages or yellowpages.com If you cant find any call your local chimney repair center, they may be able to get them or point you in the right direction. Dont buy the bricks online unless you have NO CHOICE(You would be better off driving 50 miles to a from to get them then have them shipped), everywhere I have seen them they are almost 2x what I paid locally(I paid $3 a brick locally) and then they will charge you a ridiculous amount of money to ship them and you have to worry about them getting damaged(they are very brittle).


If you have any more questions just ask, its still really fresh in my mind... dont know about next week...LOL :confused:

I will be making a video of my heat treat oven here shortly to help the new guys out, I had a lot of trouble figuring mine out and it is really not that hard, just intimidating as heck and when things get like that we tend to over think them.

Just to clue you in on why 220v is better, just in case you dont know. There are 2 MAJOR advantages. Voltage is the rate at which the current is traveling, amperage is the AMOUNT of current. So essentially when using 220v in an oven you are feeding it the SAME amount of current(20 amps) just at a faster rate... which is in turn FASTER and no more expensive to run its actually cheaper given the rate at which your oven will heat up. 220v will produce the heat a LOT faster while keeping the electrical consumption down. The 110v element is emitting half the wattage as the 220v element rated at the same amperage. Here is some advice, YOUR OVEN NEEDS A DEDICATED CIRCUIT. It needs to be one outlet wired directly to your panel even if it is 110v, you are going to be pulling 17 amps through this circuit, that is the MAXIMUM you want to pull through a 20 amp circuit(its actually slightly higher than 80% which is what is recommended, but you should be fine). If this is the case, listen up... you can get 220v very readily from your 110v wiring(AS LONG AS ITS RATED FOR 20 amps 110v its fine for 20 amps 220v).

DISCLAIMER::

If you do not know your way around an electrical panel find someone that does such as an electrician, I, nor BladeForums.com can not be held responsible for anything that happens due to the advice I am offering, it is only advice I am in no way a licensed electrician so take it for what it is worth.


The 220v only uses 3 wires, just like 110v the only difference is 220v has 2 hot legs and a ground instead of 1 hot, a neutral, and a ground. So what you CAN do is simply change the breaker to a 20amp 2 pole breaker and the outlet to a 220v 20 amp outlet(if your electrical panel has 2 spots free side by side, using the same wire. All you will have to do is unhook the neutral from the neutral bar inside your panel and hook it to one side of your 2 pole breaker and hook the other(should be black) wire into the other side of the 2 pole breaker(Presto chango you have 220v power) your ground should remain plugged into the ground bar inside the breaker. The oven will wire the same exact way as with 110v but instead of having a neutral you will simply have 2 hots. You STILL treat one hot as the neutral and one as the hot, so the SSR will control one leg of the 220 and the other will be directly connected to the element. This conversion would cost you about $45, that would be for the 2 pole 20amp breaker, 20 amp 220v outlet. Again this is merely advice, please talk with a licensed electrician if you are uncomfortable doing this, the inside of an electrical panel can and will kill you if you dont know what you are doing, its kinda like The Rock, it doesn't care what your name is.
 
You DO NOT NEED the ceramic coated kiln thermocouple, you need THIS ONE

I use the TC he listed in my forge and in my oven. No problems here. It may be overkill, but it's not wrong.

I agree that it would be nice to get the ramp/soak PID controller. Many times I've wished I had it, but I get by. If you can afford it, go for it.

Just remember the old saying, "measure twice and cut once". That holds true here as well. Go over everything multiple times before you power it up and make sure your ducks are lined up. It's been several years since I built my oven, but it's still going (with a refurb a couple of months back for a new coil). I'm waiting on my Evenheat to get here, but I still see myself using my home build for some things.

--nathan
 
I use the TC he listed in my forge and in my oven. No problems here. It may be overkill, but it's not wrong.

I agree that it would be nice to get the ramp/soak PID controller. Many times I've wished I had it, but I get by. If you can afford it, go for it.

Just remember the old saying, "measure twice and cut once". That holds true here as well. Go over everything multiple times before you power it up and make sure your ducks are lined up. It's been several years since I built my oven, but it's still going (with a refurb a couple of months back for a new coil). I'm waiting on my Evenheat to get here, but I still see myself using my home build for some things.

--nathan


Yah, I apologize if it seemed as if I was shouting, just stating that he could save 4 bucks, which these days every dime counts. You are correct sir, the thermocouple listed will work and may be better.
 
WOW, Thanks for the info. The other guy did say to get the pid you said, if I was planning on doing stainless. I right now do not but like you said that could change.

As far as working with my breaker box, I do not have any empty spaces.
I live in a trailer house and all breakers get used, I do not have a dedicated circuit just for the oven.

For dimensions of the oven I was thinking:

13 1/2'' deep
4 1/2'' high
and around 7'' wide

I will look around local for the firebricks.

I want to build it so I can plug it in to any outlet if I have to, for now I will be using it in a little shed ran by an extension cord, but I might bring it to my brothers and use it there also. If this is possible.
 
Ya I said I would only use high carbon and tool steel too... I changed my mind lol.

My oven at 27 x 4.5 x 4.5 isnt terribly heavy so your size should be pretty light so moving it shouldnt be a problem, as long as you use a sheet metal for the frame that isnt too heavy. I can totally understand your current constraints. The one thing I can say is to make sure the circuit that the outlet you use is on isnt being used by any of the other outlets its wired to when you are using the oven, do you know how much amperage you have available to your outlets? Most homes are wired with 15 amp circuits to bedrooms and such. If this is the case you may have to get a lower rated element to prevent from overloading your breaker. You will be fine, just start up your oven and you can get to something else while she heats up, it shouldn't take too long given the size I would say 30 to 45 minutes to get to 1600 F and it may be shorter, Im merely guessing., also when you fire it up for the first time get it to 1500 or 1600 to condition the kanthal elements. Good luck and have fun.
 
Ya I said I would only use high carbon and tool steel too... I changed my mind lol.

My oven at 27 x 4.5 x 4.5 isnt terribly heavy so your size should be pretty light so moving it shouldnt be a problem, as long as you use a sheet metal for the frame that isnt too heavy. I can totally understand your current constraints. The one thing I can say is to make sure the circuit that the outlet you use is on isnt being used by any of the other outlets its wired to when you are using the oven, do you know how much amperage you have available to your outlets? Most homes are wired with 15 amp circuits to bedrooms and such. If this is the case you may have to get a lower rated element to prevent from overloading your breaker. You will be fine, just start up your oven and you can get to something else while she heats up, it shouldn't take too long given the size I would say 30 to 45 minutes to get to 1600 F and it may be shorter, Im merely guessing., also when you fire it up for the first time get it to 1500 or 1600 to condition the kanthal elements. Good luck and have fun.

I am not to sure on the amps I have now, If it says on the breaker I can check tomorrow. If I run an extention cord from my bedroom outlet there is not anything else that runs off of it that we would need to use at the same time. So that would work!! I will check tomorrow and see if I can figure out what amps that breaker is.

Thanks!!
 
I am not to sure on the amps I have now, If it says on the breaker I can check tomorrow. If I run an extention cord from my bedroom outlet there is not anything else that runs off of it that we would need to use at the same time. So that would work!! I will check tomorrow and see if I can figure out what amps that breaker is.

Thanks!!

Make sure your trailer doesn't have aluminum wiring going to the outlets. (pretty common in older trailers) Also, run the shortest extension cord you can use.
 
My trailer does not have the aluminum wiring.

So what element would be the best to use, if I do not have a dedicated circuit for the oven?

These are the choices
DURA005677-115V-1150W-$12.50
DURA005682-115V-1400W-$14.50
DURA005683-115V-1600W-$16.00
DURA005684-115V-1750W-$16.50
DURA006548-120V-1900W-$27.50
DURA006549-120V-2000W-$29.00
 
My trailer does not have the aluminum wiring.

So what element would be the best to use, if I do not have a dedicated circuit for the oven?

These are the choices
DURA005677-115V-1150W-$12.50
DURA005682-115V-1400W-$14.50
DURA005683-115V-1600W-$16.00
DURA005684-115V-1750W-$16.50
DURA006548-120V-1900W-$27.50
DURA006549-120V-2000W-$29.00

Before we can recommend one we need to know the amp rating on the circuit you are going to be using. Like you said before the rating for the breakers should be on the face of the breaker for the circuit, let us know and we can point you in the right direction, also keep in mind what ever circuit you use you need to try and keep from using any of the other outlets tied into it while you are running your oven, shouldn't be too hard.
 
Sorry I have not had time to check my breakers(I need to move a bunch of books and shelves)
I will get to it this weekend!!
 
If you have to run an extension cord, use not only the shortest one possible but also the heaviest one, preferably one with a minimum #12 wire it. The longer the cord the heavier it needs to be. Feel the cord when you are running your oven, If you feel it heating up its probably not heavy enough. Your oven will pull enough current without adding to the load.
 
Frossbyte, If you could show us some pictures of your setup that would be nice. And why are the elements at budgetcasting supply that much more than the link you provided????
 
Frossbyte, If you could show us some pictures of your setup that would be nice. And why are the elements at budgetcasting supply that much more than the link you provided????

Ill try and get some pics up tonight of my oven, been too preoccupied trying to get other things done, havent seen the inside of my shop in almost a week.

As far as the prices, the elements themselves are made from the same material(Kanthal a1). If I had to guess Id say the elements at budget casting are more directed towards a certain crowd, this and the fact that duralite caries a much larger amount of this type of product and can therefore sell the product for less. I spoke to duralite before I ordered anything and they were very helpful. Duralite seems to be the cheapest around for kanthal elements.
 
Well I looked at my breakers last night and the one that has the least stuff that has to be on is a 15 amp, thats all it says on it is 15

So what element would you recommend?
Thanks for all the help so far by the way!!
 
I would be very careful if I were you . Is this a trailer or a manufactured home ( so called ). Either way , they all use the cheapest outlets that can be found . I have lived in both . My last manufactured home was built in 2005 and still the cheap stuff . I would at least change the outlet you intend to use to a better one . No need to start a fire . Just my thoughts .
 
Back
Top