One other thing, a real useful way to emphasize to your newbie friend the need to carry this stuff is to stage, ahem, demonstrate the usefulness. Maybe you take a little hike and stop to show him how to fuzz a stick, then start a small fire to boil a tea or hot cocoa. Or maybe rig up a quicky shelter (poncho and bungies are super quick) to make some shade or quick shelter from a sudden rainstorm etc. Some people just aren't of the "be prepared" mindset but maybe you can market it as a convenience.
Of course, you still show examples of people actually needing their gear for emergencies or unexpected circumstances. Read about it. Point out clips from the news etc. If they start to buy into it, have them carry the gear on short outings in which they might think they have no need for gear by claiming you plan to take a few minutes out of the hike to "practice" using the preparedness gear.
Is your friend into fitness? Then emphasize carrying the stuff to condition their body in case they do decide to get into longer hikes .
Keep trying. Three or five items is sure better than nothing.
My little brother is accustomed to a different type of camping, not my style. He's been out with me, and thinks what I do is magic. I'm not trying to turn his lifestyle around, he's living his own life, and I mine. There's 11yrs of age difference between us, and we have had an estranged relationship all along. Only recently, have we been brothers.
My OP was about what I thought was MY essentials, not the only gear I think I need. I take a full loadout everytime I step off the pavement. I never skimp on my gear, but my pack weighs out at 25lbs. When I laid out a list of what my little bro will need, its very similar to my load out, but, his finances won't allow for him to build an entire kit. Plus considering the amount of use it will get, he shouldn't buy much, mainly, because his older brother is a gear whore, and I usually have doubles on everything.
What my OP was about was not a survival kit, I have those, in triplicate. It was about the 3 mosted used pieces of gear that I own. I can't imagine being in the woods without my cup, knife, and firesteel.
The list I gave my little bro was a 10x10 tarp ($6), Canteen, cup, cover ($15), knife (got him covered there), food (dry pack), sleeping bag (he's got that one, amazing), Bic lighter x3 ($5), warm clothes (he's got that), good boots (he's got those too). With those items, and what I got, I get to spend 2 days in the woods, bumming around with a brother I just learned I have, BS'ing about women, booze, music, guns, boats, cars, and trucks.
If he wants to learn, I'll teach him, but we mostly go out just to hang out, and be brothers.
Moose