I believe Freon is a somewhat cover-all trade name for several types of refrigerant which may or may not be ozone depleting. It seems these days, ozone depleting Freon would be unlikely made available to consumers.
I believe "canned air" is usually not air at all, but some kind of modern refrigerant. The stuff is typically inert to common substances such as plastics, metals, wood, etc. as it's generally intended for use on such materials. My guess is that damage to plastics may be the result of excessive use or misuse, allowing the liquid refrigerant to be sprayed, which has a significant cooling effect, and may cause temperature related embrittlement.