Please check out the following, and bear with me; I apologize in advance for a long-winded post.
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Comparison of Carbon Fiber and Steel Material
Standard Grade Carbon Fiber Tensile Strength (GPa) 3.5
Tensile Modulus (GPa) 230.0
Density (g/ccm) 1.75
Specific Strength (GPa) 2.00
High Tensile Steel
Tensile Strength (GPa) 1.3
Tensile Modulus (GPa) 210.0
Density (g/ccm) 7.87
Specific Strength (GPa) 0.17
The superior properties of carbon fiber to steel and other metals meant that the aerospace industry was an obvious market for composite materials.
"The author of this page has been active in carbon fibers since 1980. My name is Vince Kelly, I was born in Manchester England, my work in carbon fibers has taken me to 1986 in Scotland, from 1986 to 2000 in Germany. I am currently an international consultant in all aspects of carbon fiber technology. I am also a professional member of the Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering SAMPE. Founded in 1944, SAMPE is an international not-for-profit professional Organization with approximately 5000 members worldwide. As the premier technical Society in the fields of advanced materials and process engineering technology, SAMPE is recognized for its strengths across numerous industries and markets. The Society holds annual conferences and exhibitions in the USA, Europe and Japan and publishes two widely recognized journals throughout the year. Professional and Student Chapters actively hold local meetings, regional workshops and seminars."
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The above is an excerpt from this carbon fiber page:
http://www.geocities.com/vpkelly.geo/
So you can see that there are definitely informed people out there stating that carbon fiber is stronger than steel. Believe me, the above was not the only reference I checked. However, there is a lot of debate out there on the subject.
It seems fairly clear that some types of carbon fiber can consistently rate higher than some types of steel in standard tests such as resistance to fatigue, (flexing) tensile strength, shear strength, etc.
However, carbon fiber's advantages are pound for pound, not dimensional. So a bar of a given steel will most likely be "stronger" than a bar of a given carbon fiber of the same size. Conversely, if you scaled up the dimensions of the carbon fiber bar until it weighed the same as the steel bar, the carbon fiber bar would likely be considerably stronger.
All of the statements above are variable as well, considering: A., the type of steel vs. type of CF in the comparison, and B., your definition of "strength." There are many different ways of defining, testing, and applying properties of strength.
As for why one would need a grafted steel cutting edge on a carbon fiber blade, edge holding is kind of a separate consideration from "strength" and is not a property I would expect carbon fiber to posess.
Pretty much what I'm trying to say is that I partly agree with Dan Zawacki on this subject. However, I want to take pains to point out my initial usage ..."CAN be stronger than steel"... and that I am aware of how complex an issue it really is.