of course your dad's right.
glass is not a crystal because it does not have a crystal structure. it is composed of silicon and oxygen in tetrahedrons, but they are not linked together in any macroscopic structure. this allows silica to "flow" around each other and results in your windows bulging at the bottoms. hence, amorphous solid.
as for hardening of steels and other metals, hardness is related to how easily these macroscopic structures can be changed. usually, there is a small structure that is repeated throughout a metal (for instance, a cube that is repeated over and over,) but no matter what there are some discrepencies. where an atom should be, it is slightly off, or missing all together. there are several types of defects that can be present, from just an atom missing, to a whole line of atoms missing, to a whole plane. these defects are called dislocations, and they prevent the movement of the lattice. in general, the harder something is, the greater dislocation density it has. conversely, the more dislocations, the more brittle it is.
the "natural" hardness of a metal (excluding the effects of dislocations) has to do with the grain size of the metal. bigger grains results in a softer metal. grains are essentially these macroscopic structures oriented in different directions. a single crystal is one grain (or on macrostructure), while polycrystalline materials have many grains oriented in different directions.
the knife looks really cool, probably just a chemical etch... but it is interesting that it goes all the way through?