Watch categories are easier to understand with a little history. Wrist watches were first mass produced in 1906, when the Edwardian and Gilded Age stuffed shirts thought they were for women and effeminate men. The First World War changed that.
"Field watches" are descended from WWI trench watches. Typically they are small, with dark dials and lots of numbers. Two from my collection, a Citizen eco-drive and a Seiko 5.
"Aviator watches," also called pilot watches and chronographs, were issued to military pilots. Many of them had a stopwatch function which is not essential for navigation but useful if you're navigating
and flying. The RAF issued this Seiko to pilots and navigator-rated aircrew from 1984 through 1990.
All that is ancient history, but light plane and helicopter pilots still have a use for these watches.
There is another kind of aviator's watch called a "flieger" or "B-Uhr," short for Beobachtungsuhr: a Luftwaffe air crewman's watch from WWII. Some people like the dial pattern and there are many copies. It has never been a political symbol, and you can wear one without being mistaken for a skinhead with a rug. This is my little Seiko 5:
The originals used 50mm railroad watch movements and they were
huge. This one is modeled by an He 111 bombardier:
Diver watches used to be top of the line for sports watches. They need good water resistance and good shock resistance. They also need good luminescence, or something (like an orange or yellow dial) to make them more readable in dim light. This is one of mine:
It is a Rolex Submariner "homage." Homage is fashion-speak for copycat. I broke the bracelet and put it on a NATO "Bond" strap like 007.