Making my first knife.thread

BladeCommander

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Background:

I'm not new to knife tinkering. I have been doing knife handles, full tang with scales, for a few years now and I am confident in my abilities to make a decent handle. For the last year or so I have been attempting some regrinds on cheap knives, kitchen knives mostly, and have had varying degrees of success.

8-10 years ago when I was in junior college I attempted to make a file knife with almost no experience with grinding or knife making. I also was wanting to heat treat it myself. The results were disappointing, so I decided to put knife making on the back burner. I started buying low cost but useful full tang kitchen knives re-handling them for practice. A few I took to re-grinding on the 1x30 to see how it went. My most recent attempt as a re-grind went reasonably well so my confidence is up on trying the knife making thing out again.

The Knife(s):

My dad was/is a big hunter, more so a few years back, but he still hunts once or twice a year. For his birthday I want to make him a hunting knife with some Elk stag from an Elk he harvested a few years back. He requires stainless steel, as his knife maintenance is lacking, so I bought an 18" bar of 154cm to kick off the project. I already had the Elk stag material cut into scales so the handle material is in hand as well.

While I had extra material I decided I was going to make myself a knife as well. I really like clip point style with swedge, so that is the design I went with for myself. Dad's is a standard drop point hunter style. I like slightly wider blades which shows in my design drawings. I also feel it gives the knife more blade life as I can always thin the blade if it gets over sharpened. Drawbacks are it makes a bigger knife, and slightly heavier, but the high flat grind takes of a lot of steel and weight. The profiles of both knives came out 100% how I wanted. The grinding was my biggest challenge and despite some slips, I am overall pretty happy with the results. I will review some of the problems I had with the clip point when we get to the photos. I bought the steel as 1/8", but not finish ground so it came out at about 0.15" from the looks of it. I will probably flat sand some of the mill texture off because I made a few mistakes I want to try and erase.

I'm having these heat treated by Texas Knifemaker's Supply, which is where I bought the steel. They are pretty much ready to be sent off at this point.

Drop Point Hunter
4" blade, 3.75" cutting edge
4.5" handle
~1.125" wide
~0.15" at the spine

EDC Bowie
4.5" blade. 4.25" cutting edge
4.75" handle
~1.1" wide
~0.15" at the spine

Photos:

Drawing, Template, and Steel


Ready to cut metal


154cm is harder to grind than I expected. This took hours!


Primary bevels went pretty smooth for my first try. I didn't want the grind so high, but that's how it came out. I wanted about 3/8" of flat for a nice contrast of the bevel, these came out almost full flat ground. Ground on a 1x30 with Norton Blaze 40 and 120 grit. Those belts worked great, will use again. Plunge lines NOT symmetrical, but really not too bad. Will show that after finish grinding before sharpening.


Close up of the swedge coming soon because I want to comment on it and ask for help. I have screwed up a few swedges by trying to cut them with the power sander instead of by hand. AGAIN, I got cocky and went to grinding the swedge with the belt sander. First side looked good, second side was too wide and uneven. Every time I went to fix it, it got wider and wider. What started as a subtle swedge became a super aggressive double edge looking thing. I'm hoping I can do some fixing post heat treat. I'll show the other sides with mistakes as well, these are just the more flattering photos I took.


Thoughts, comments, critiques are welcome. PLEASE give me tips on cutting swedges. No I did not search for threads on this like I should have. I "knew" I could take it slow and make it right... see where that got me.

If you made it through my novel, thanks for reading and thanks in advance for any comments.
 
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Swedges are tough. There's so little contact area it's hard to feel when you're making good contact on the platen. They are the one thing I grind 100% in a jig. You can grind them straight, or swooping, using the edge of your platen in a jig. Every time I try to do them freehand I screw them up and end up fixing them with a file. Maybe I just suck. But I don't have the same trouble with primary bevels either flat or hollow that I do with swedges.

I never made a file jig but swedges have made me contemplate doing so. I could rough them in by hand at the grinder and then finish them filing probably. But for now, grinding them in a jig is the only way I can get it right every time.
 
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Great advice. I did end up cleaning this one up with a file and sand paper. I should have done it by hand from the start, but I was stubborn. After cleanup I can live with the end result, but I would have preferred a much smaller swedge. Next one will either be started on the grinder and finished by hand, preferably before any mistakes, or will be done completely by hand.

I don't make enough knives yet to get into jigs. But if these turn out well, I may have to make some more.
Thank you very much.
 
The other advice is to treat them like a bevel. Meaning scribe your center line, grind a very obtuse angle to your center line and then walk it back to the height you intended. Doing it that way will make mistakes more easily corrected with a file.
 
Yes, I should have started a steeper bevel. It looked good starting out, but then became uneven. Every attempt to even it out just made the bevel wider. You can see in my drawing on the blank what I wanted it to look like. It's not ugly (to me), but not what I originally envisioned. With a steep bevel I can always make it wider with a file. At least the bulk of the work and the thickness at the spine will be set by the grinder. I should have asked here first :nevreness:.
 
Knives back from heat treat a couple weeks ago. Now getting round to doing finishing work on them. Drop Point Hunter finish ground to a decently thin edge, then 400 grit hand rub satin. About ready for a handle at this stage. I still need to do some finishing work on the mini Bowie.

Overall I am happy how this knife is turning out. Hand sanding can hide a lot of small errors in grinding. I may need to go back to 220 grit to get a few very faint grind marks out, but there is one low spot that I will not be able to remove without taking off too much steel around the spine. Evidence that it was hand-made I guess...

 
looking good. its ok every time i do a new blade grind i end up filing out all the mistakes and facets until i get feel of it :D if you find yourself making lots of "whoops" either slow down the machine, or use a higher grit belt. it will take more passes to remove the same amount of metal allowing you to correct the whoops before they go too far. for the swedges, maybe try using a tilting tool rest, and doing them first while the knife is still flat. that way the angle is the same on both sides.
 
I do my swedges on the small wheels of my platen at low speed and turn my grinder horizontal. It allows me to work very slow, have a good view. It's served me well so far.
 
Background:

I have screwed up a few swedges by trying to cut them with the power sander instead of by hand. AGAIN, I got cocky and went to grinding the swedge with the belt sander. First side looked good, second side was too wide and uneven. Every time I went to fix it, it got wider and wider. What started as a subtle swedge became a super aggressive double edge looking thing. I'm hoping I can do some fixing post heat treat. I'll show the other sides with mistakes as well, these are just the more flattering photos I took.


Thoughts, comments, critiques are welcome. PLEASE give me tips on cutting swedges. No I did not search for threads on this like I should have. I "knew" I could take it slow and make it right... see where that got me.

If you made it through my novel, thanks for reading and thanks in advance for any comments.
Make one file jig and you will grind perfect swedges every time ................
 
Thanks guys. I cannot turn down my current belt grinder. It is only an entry level 1x30". I do have a 220 grit ceramic belt that I will probably finish the bowie on if I can get it to come out nice.

Does anyone have photos of a file jig for swedges? And/or instructions on how to make. I have minimal tools at my disposal so simple is better. Thanks!
 
File jig for grinding knife is what you look for , nothing special for swedges . Just clamp knive in jig upside down ........... and pick angle :)

Edit to add . . . probably Half Round file is best for this task ..............
 
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Thanks guys. I cannot turn down my current belt grinder. It is only an entry level 1x30". I do have a 220 grit ceramic belt that I will probably finish the bowie on if I can get it to come out nice.

Does anyone have photos of a file jig for swedges? And/or instructions on how to make. I have minimal tools at my disposal so simple is better. Thanks!


Here's one version.
http://goughcustom.com/blog/2013-08-16-making-a-filing-jig/making-and-using-a-bevel-filing-jig.html
 
Those jigs look very useful. And the untreated steel was quite easy to cut with a file, so I will probably go that route next time. Making these knives is quite a process especially when I only have a little time here or there. The project is currently on week #6 since I received the bar of 154CM. I now have both knives ready for handles and the Elk stag is ready for glue up. I left the heat treat oxidation on the swedge of the bowie for contrast. It was sanded to 400 grit before heat treat. I think it looks kinda cool, but it is easy to remove if I change my mind.




I was thinking about trying to lightly peen the pins by putting a small counter sink on the Stag. How risky would it be to gently peen the pins on this material? It is less for structure and more to get the pins flush with the stag without having to sand it down and remove the color around the pins.
 
Nice work.

On peening, what you're describing is essentially correct but I doubt you're going to get them flush without sanding/filing them since you have to predict how much material you're actually going to move into your chamfer when you trim the pin.

I hate peening pins because I think of it as high risk having split a couple pieces of antler in the past. I also hate it because I've never been able to achieve a nice round peened pin after sanding them flush. But I recently peened a ringed gidgee handle with no splits, I have a feeling the roundness problem is related to my technique more than anything.

If you really want to avoid any sanding or filing, I would chamfer the holes about .030", glue it up, after the glue sets clean the holes and set your pins so that when you peen them they're still proud of the scales, then tape the scale and file them to the tape, then slightly peen them again and leave them with a hammered finish, it'll be smooth and even if still slightly proud, I think would look pretty good.

There are others who may have better ideas than me on this. @Bill DeShivs would be one.
 
Success!! Thanks everyone for all the help. Especially Kuraki who is always right behind every question with a detailed answer.

The peening went well. What I ended up doing is grinding the pins to just proud of the handles as close as I could get without touching the stag. Then I made 1/4" counterbore to allow flaring of the pins. This looks a little too large, but the drill bit size I had just under 1/4" looked a little small. Hindsight says it would have been just right :rolleyes:.

I flared one side slightly to allow it to catch in the pin hole so I could peen the fresh side then alternate. In the end after a lot of light hammering, the 3/16" pins filled almost the entire 1/4" well, or enough to make it look presentable. The pins are slightly domed, but the edges are quite flush, so the pins don't catch your finger when you run across them so I think it turned out well. No cracking either!

Not sharpened yet, so no edge bevel. Will sharpen after the sheath is made.




Now on to the sheath. I have only made 3 sheaths for myself, so that will be a little more "rustic", but this is a working piece more than for show.
 
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