Got an older GM model, eh?
This "gold dust" material was originally a polyurathane foam much like what is often used in upholstery or carpet padding that was quite soft. But, over time, it has deteriorated and become brittle.
The only fix, as Mr. Mete has said, is to remove the headliner, scrape out all of the old stuff while using a vacuum to catch it, put in new foam, and replace the headliner. A body shop can do this for you for a few hundred bucks. It's a messy job.
The foam material used must be a fire-retardant material so that a minor fire won't quickly spread and kill you before you can stop the car and get out, so be sure to use the right stuff. The deterioration of the old foam was accelerated by heat. We all know how hot a car gets sitting out in the sun. Newer materials are more resistant to this, but, again, you have to use the right material. So, get a replacement material that is made for this application.