Real vs. perceived strength of various locks

Originally posted by Anthony Lombardo
What makes a frame lock?
Usually a knife where the thickness of the locking face of the liner is 80% or more as thick as the tang of the blade. The thicker the liner in relation to the frame (all else being equal) the more reliable the lock.

I'm a big frame lock fan too, but...... Your statement assumes that the thinnest area of the lock bar is not the weak point. As most frame locks have a thinned out portion at the bend ( for stress relief? ), this area could very well make an exceptionally thick lock bar to be quite weak in reality. I personally think that almost any lock can be made to APPEAR quite strong. Only sound engineering and manufacturing will result in a truly strong lock.

Then again, I still don’t trust locks, and generally find locks to be a piss poor excuse for hiding our hobby from the rest of the world. If we were to give in to intelligence for a change, and carry fixed blades on our belts, this wouldn’t even be much of an issue. There are few circumstances where a folder is preferable to a fixed blade, in terms of functionality.

Now for the great truth: The people who are most obsessed with lock strength tend to be the ones who most fear the ridicule of sheeple. They desire the strength of a fixed blade, but are unwilling to let the public know of their yearning. They hide their wish for fixed blade strength, clipped to the pocket of their pants. Men who care more about their fingers than what others think of them, simply carry a fixed blade. Yes, there are those of us who let logic prevail over fear.

I will now slip into my flameproof super-suit.
 
Geez. I hope my rant didn't sound like a razz at Anthony. It was directed at the great masses who spend their lives trying to find a folder strong enough to please their fixed blade needs.
 
Originally posted by Buzzbait
I personally wonder how important lock strength is to the average person. Before I became a knifenut, I waded through life with just a stockman in my pocket, which is just a slipjoint. I never had the blade accidentally close up on me. If I needed something stronger, I grabbed a fixed blade.

That is the same place I was, Buzz (or should I call you Mr. Bait ;) ). And I would still be there if it weren't for the fact that there were no slipjoint folders with decent steel, for a decent price (forget any custom folders). Buck had gone to 420HC, and Case was already there (unless you got the cheap yellow with Chrome Vanadium, and I wasn't the impressed even with that). Camillus was slightly better with some 440A, but.... So, when I had to go looking for something to replace my old slipjoint folder, I turned to the "tactical" folder because it was the only thing with good steel. Admittedly, Queen has now gone to a decent steel (D2), but the one sample of their handiwork I got did not impress me at all. I was downright disappointed. So, now I'm a 'tactical' folder fanatic, and because all of those are such easy openers, you HAVE to have a lock. It is a viscious circle. But anyway, like I said, I'm with you. I'd love to have just an old style stockman slipjoint with decent steel and scales (g10 or micarta is fine, wood is great, just don't want slick plastic). Ack! :barf:
 
Buzzbait, you are correct that the spring relief area is a critical point of framelock design.

However, with that being said I have never seen a framelock break at that point in actual use. The increased surface area of the lock face it really where the framelock efficiently compensates for wear over time and where the reliability of the knife over time is enhanced.

Oh and I agree about the fixed blade analogy as well.
 
I agree that the frame lock is awesome. It is definitely the lock that I feel most comfortable with. I just wish that more frame locks were available with various handle scale inlays. Those wood Sebbies are just too rich for my tiny wallet!!!

I know where I sit on the lock testing issue. Say that I test a production quality lock to see if it will fail under a very stressful load, and break the lock. Where did it get me? I now know what stress I could put on that particular knife, but it is now broken. Can I fully expect the next knife of the same model to fail at that exact load? Or if I have the knife repaired, can I expect the repaired lock to fail at that same load? I’m not sure that I trust ANY mass production knife company to guarantee my fingers to any lock that requires such a high level of precision. When you add heat treatment of the lock parts to the list of variables, you can become downright paranoid if lock strength is a big deal to you. And what if my knife passes a certain nasty stress test? Did I stress the knife to the point that it may be more likely now to fail in the future? Ugghhhhhh!!!!

So say that I don’t trust the production knife companies, and go with a custom maker for my folder. Do this guy have the quality testing equipment that Buck or Spyderco might have, to ensure that each of his locks are strong? Probably not. Does he have the engineering degree that the production manufacturers might employ? I have to live with his “gut instinct” and possibly some home brew testing procedures. No offense to the many excellent folder makers, but I’ve never seen anything about any particular custom folder, where the maker has thoroughly and methodically tested one of his own designs, and published the results. I have yet to see a maker publish the results of a highbrow production company’s tests of his custom knife either.

The net effect of so many “ifs ands and maybes” is that I have no logically higher level of confidence in my mega tactical’s lock than I do with my slipjoint. The best I can say is that the lock looks and feels strong. No maker is standing up to say, “My lock will never fail you when this level of torque and force is applied to my knife. If it does, you can have my own digits for the finger graft”.

It doesn’t matter much though. When a person is skilled with a knife, and uses a proper amount of control and common sense, the person should be safe with most any lock. Folders should be used as folders. This, of course, is barring some terrible unforeseen accident. Chances of this kind of accident are relatively low though. And you can probably throw out the whole self-defense argument almost entirely. Exactly how many cases have you heard of, where a good guy was defending himself against a bad guy with a folding knife, and his lock failed him? How many have you heard? Be honest. Chances are higher that a drunk driver will kill me tomorrow. I’d be better off putting the money into safety enhancements for my car, that to soak it into my folder’s lock, if safety from others is my issue.

People want a concrete guarantee of safety. It’s human nature, and particularly American to believe that enough money can buy a certain level of safety, within the confines of our circumstances. Even if the circumstances are extreme, hazardous and foolish. The reality is much different. You can spend a million dollars on that locking folder, and something might still happen to cause the lock to fail. That’s why fixed blades are still made, and will continue to be made…. until the government views that citizens no longer need a fixed blade. Government will then pounce on the opportunity and ban fixed blades, while there is no one to defend them. If we hide our fixed blades, convince ourselves that folders will furnish us with the same level of strength and safety, and only show our folders in public, we are encouraging the inevitable future of our knives.

Can you tell that I’m experiencing SERIOUS nicotine withdrawals today? :eek: :eek: :eek:
 
Geez Buzz! Settle down. ;)

All of the locks that I will trust allow me to reinforce them by some means, or at least ride them so I know if they are about to fail, when I'm doing something serious with them. For example: axis lock, I push forward on at least one side of the bar if I am really working hard with the tip on something where I could get hurt if it fails. Simple precaution, not unlike paying close attention to the force vector on a slip joint. Same for a frame lock: you can reinforce it. Lock back: at least you can ride the forward part, so you have an idea (maybe?) if it is about to fail (unless it is sudden catastrophic breakage). About the only one you can't do that with is a liner lock, which is another reason that I won't buy them except for very limited use, if it is a limited edition, or some such.

But I can say that I have abused my axis locks pretty hard. And I actually ran across an axis lock that failed. It failed the spine whack test. I found this out after it folded unexpected when I was lightly batonning it down the length of a short tree branch, splitting off some kindling. I have done the same thing with several of my other axis locks (and even worse), with never a failure. This one did. Then I found it would fail very light spine whacks. Sent it back to BM and they replaced the knife. The new one has no problem. BUT, consider if it had failed at a critical operation. It was razor sharp, and likely would have severed tendons, if not fingers. But it didn't. And even when it did fail, because I was using it like a knife that could fold, I managed to survive unscathed.

Bottom line is, using a folder, I treat it like it can fold, for the most part. The lock is a back-up to safe usage, pretty much. Or at least it SHOULD be. :)
 
I really like the choil on the Spyderco Military. The choil is created by the junction of the blade and handle, creating a sort of ricasso. With this setup, the placement of your index finger will actually prevent the folder from closing in the event of a lock failure. All you have to do is grip tightly enough to keep your hand from slipping under the load of the cut. If you ask me, the majority of folders should feature something like this.
 
Buzzbait :

The people who are most obsessed with lock strength tend to be the ones who most fear the ridicule of sheeple.

Fixed blades are illegal in many places where folding knives are not.

I test a production quality lock to see if it will fail under a very stressful load, and break the lock. Where did it get me?

You know now where it failed. In the broad spectrum, if such reporting became commonplace, this information once collected would give a very valuable representation of both the gross properties of the lock as well as the variance in its behaviour. Even if it didn't, it could induce questions from others reading the report and possibly prompt further testing from the maker (if they have not covered it already).

Can I fully expect the next knife of the same model to fail at that exact load?

The expected variation would depends on the QC of the manufacturer so ask them. If they don't know, it would probably be a good time to move on. It is something they should have fully tested.

Or if I have the knife repaired, can I expect the repaired lock to fail at that same load?

It would again depend on the QC of the manufacturer, and how exactly they repair the folder. Ideally you would want a complete replacement of all over stressed parts so it should behave like new.

I~Rm not sure that I trust ANY mass production knife company to guarantee my fingers to any lock ...

People do all the time with lots of objects that are much more dangerous than a lock on a knife. I trust the brakes on my car. They are not an "accidental stopping mechanism" that may or may not work. They are supposed to actually stop the car from moving, and not do so only if I apply the force perfectly perpendicular to the peddle in a slow and controlled manner. Do brakes fail - yes, and people get seriously injured. Nothing is 100%. However does anyone drive as if the brakes might not work - no. And if the failure was due to a defective repair, sloppy assembly, or poor parts would it be tolerated - hardly. Any garage or manufacturer that developed a record for such work would promptly find itself out of customers.

And of course our lives are riddled with such items. If you lock your house you expect that it should stay locked and not be able to be opened by someone jiggling the handle or squeezing it really hard. If any dead bolt manufacturer made such a lock which would be thus opened would they stay in production after the public found out how easy it was to defeat the lock - no they would not. It is the same thing for padlocks and locking mechanisms in general. They are not just supposed to stay locked under very gentle use. We are talking about locks on folders promoted as "heavy duty", "combat", "tactical" etc., not a light use gentlemans knife.

And what if my knife passes a certain nasty stress test? Did I stress the knife to the point that it may be more likely now to fail in the future?

Yes, it is indeed possible that any and all tests you do to a lock will weaken it, just like it is possible that any and all use of a knife in general can lower its tolerance to gross failure. Thus by the same logic you should never use a knife for evaluation purposes because it might lower its performance when it is needed - of course the downside is that you go in to such usage totally blind to the abilities of the tool.

As for using a knife with skill and knowledge so that the lock is never stressed - this means you don't need the lock. The purpose for locking folders is to extend the functionality of the tool. Just like locking tools on a multi-tool allow you to use them with more force that screwdrivers that don't lock.

Anthony Lombardo :

I am curious, are you still promoting the Busse Folder as the strongest avaialable, even though it doesn't exist?

Specifically I was asked [three years ago] what folders I felt were suitable for hard use, I replied :

"Professor, based on the attitude of the makers and the level of customer support, without having used them I would be interested in the Busse Combat and the Strider/Buck folder as serious use folders. The Sebenza is very good profile wise as well as lock, but the handle ergonomics don't suit me well. The Gunting from Spyderco is another choice. While heavily combat influenced, the trainers I have handled look to make a solid using knife. The lock is secure and passes all torquing and whack tests. No idea about the strength but I would assume it is fairly high."

Which of course is significantly different than your paraphrase.

[I changed my mind on the Buck/Strider after using it, the compression lock is still there, though not fully tested, and the new "center lock" from Niemi I would put first and I would be surprised if Busse could exceed its abilities in that regard]

Would I expect Busse to make a folder that is more secure than the liner locks I have handled. Yes. Would I expect it to be among the very best I have seen, yes. Why - because I have discussed with him my experience with many locks and I have heard his goals for the folder. But even if this wasn't the case, just based on just general perspective it seems unlikely that he would produce such an unstable lock.

This isn't a difficult concept to grasp. Lets assume you test out a $30 Ontario Bowie. You are now fully aware of its abilities. Jerry Fisk comes along and says I can make you a bowie if you are interested. Would you support the idea that Fisk's bowie would be better without handling it? Who here would actually not take that bet.

There are very few knives that can hold over 200 inch pounds.

200 in.lbs of torque is very low. Any physically active adult man who doesn't have a severe physical injury has greater wrist strength. People with lots of physical hand / wrist activity (construction or hockey) commonly can produce more than 300+ in.lbs of torque. Last time I checked (a couple of years ago) the lowest standard Spyderco had was somewhere close to 150 in.lbs, and the heavy duty models were supposed to be more than three times as high.

A properly fitted hardened Steel frame lock would be as strong as any folding knife needs to be.

Raw strength in a controlled vector isn't the issue outside of promotional hype.

-Cliff
 
Originally posted by Buzzbait
...Say that I test a production quality lock to see if it will fail under a very stressful load, and break the lock. Where did it get me?..

I agree with your train of thought here, but I think you are taking it a little too far. I agree that there isn't much gained by destructive tests on folder locks. Most of us with some experience using knives hard and an ordinary amount of mechanical common sense, will be able to form a reasonably accurate idea of how much force a mechanism will take before it bends or breaks. Hence my opinion that lock strength is not the most important issue for folding knife users. Practically all high end liner locks, frame locks, Axis locks, lock backs, etc. are strong enough, as long as they don't disengage before they break. If we need a stronger folding knife, we can just go out and buy one, or design and build one, up to the point that the folding knife becomes so large and cumbersome that it just makes more sense to carry a simple fixed blade.

Originally posted by Buzzbait
...The net effect of so many “ifs ands and maybes” is that I have no logically higher level of confidence in my mega tactical’s lock than I do with my slipjoint...

There are folding knife locks available that are quite strong and reliable. It is simply a matter of testing them within the bounds of your expectations to gain confidence in them without damaging them. Again, as long as you can be reasonably sure the lock won't disengage before it breaks, you can be confident that you know what to expect from that folder in terms of safety.

Originally posted by Buzzbait
...When a person is skilled with a knife, and uses a proper amount of control and common sense, the person should be safe with most any lock. Folders should be used as folders...And you can probably throw out the whole self-defense argument almost entirely...

The need for reliable locking folders is not solved by treating all folding knives as slip joints. If you throw self-defense out of the argument, people who do think they need a reliable folder lock will just have to go have the argument somewhere else. ;)

Originally posted by Buzzbait
...Government will then pounce on the opportunity and ban fixed blades, while there is no one to defend them. If we hide our fixed blades, convince ourselves that folders will furnish us with the same level of strength and safety, and only show our folders in public, we are encouraging the inevitable future of our knives.

Can you tell that I’m experiencing SERIOUS nicotine withdrawals today? :eek: :eek: :eek:

Mmmm...ya. That would explain that last bit. :D
 
Why do I carry a folder? It isn't because of laws or "public perception". I'm a mechanical engineer, I love mechanical things! Some people sit around and click pins, I open and close my knife. I like seeing all the different lock designs and evaluating them on their merits and how well they were made. It gives me a sense of pride when I have a good folder whose blade moves smoothly and effortlessy, and the lock locks solidly with a satisfying sound. It's the joy of owning a fine mechanical device... no fixed blade has ever given me that feeling.

And there is ease of carry. I like to travel light, not having a lot of stuff hanging off me. The reason I started carrying a folder in the first place was to get away from having to have a belt sheath for my Leatherman. A folder is something I can just throw in my pocket on the way out the door without worrying about belts or sheaths. And it is absolutely transparent to carry, unlike any 4" fixed blade I've seen. There are still times when I carry a fixed blade, but I carry a folder every day.

I know the the Axis locks are slighly different for each model in BM's lineup, I'd be interested in hearing from Anthony and RockSypder which model they had fail. The Axis is my most trusted lock, as every liner lock or frame lock I've had (even Sebenza), I can see the lock start to slip when there is oil on the locking surface. Maybe not much, but it still slips a bit. The main advantage of the framelock is the fact that the users grip reinforces the lock, so even if it were to want to slip, your finger would block that from happening.
 
I don't carry a fixed blade not because of peoples' reactions, but because of legal issues. I would love to carry a Spyderco Perrin or Temperance. In California, it's just asking for big trouble.

(Fixed blade concealed = felony/misdemeanor. Any openly-carried blade 3" or over in L.A. County = potential misdemeanor, but it's the fixed blades that will get you the negative attention.)

Johnny
 
I am curious, are you still promoting the Busse Folder as the strongest avaialable, even though it doesn't exist? -- Anthony Lombardo

hmmmmmm . . . . I have a Busse folder that seems to work pretty well. It isn't "available". . . yet. . . . but it does "exist". ;)

Jerry
 
Jerry,
Give me a call and we can make it available :)

I came up with a super lock. It comes with a Lincoln welder. Open it and it just takes a second to make it into a fixed blade :rolleyes:
 
Originally posted by Cargun
I know the the Axis locks are slighly different for each model in BM's lineup, I'd be interested in hearing from Anthony and RockSypder which model they had fail. The Axis is my most trusted lock, as every liner lock or frame lock I've had (even Sebenza), I can see the lock start to slip when there is oil on the locking surface. Maybe not much, but it still slips a bit. The main advantage of the framelock is the fact that the users grip reinforces the lock, so even if it were to want to slip, your finger would block that from happening.

The axis lock that failed was a BM710HS. I contacted Benchmade, and the had me send it in. Ther promptly replaced it, and the new one works like a champ, same as all the other axis-locks I have. I have no idea why the first one would fail. It received the same maintenance and treatment that all my others had. And I have to admit that I have a lot of experience with axis locks, and arc locks. Up until this one, I trusted any axis lock I got in my hand pretty much like I would a fixed blade, because every one that I had used acted like a fixed blade with it was open. Now, I won't trust and axis lock, or any other lock, like a fixed blade without testing it. And periodically testing it after the initial test. If you want fixed blade strength, you can pretty much trust the axis and arc locks, IMO. If you want fixed blade reliability, every time, then you can only trust a fixed blade. I still trust the axis lock more than any other lock, and equal to or better than even the frame lock. BUT, I do recognize the superior design of the frame lock inherent in its simplicity. It is just nearly impossible to foul to the point of failure. No so with the nooks and crannies of the axis. However, conversely, I have never actually had an axis fail due to fouling. Sooooo....
 
I came up with a super lock. It comes with a Lincoln welder. Open it and it just takes a second to make it into a fixed blade ----- Kit Carson

Well, there goes that idea. So much for the Busse Folder. . . . Now I have to try and come up with a different lock. ;)


Hmmmmm. . . . I wonder how a fast a removable bolt and wing nut would operate?????. . .


Jerry
 
Locks can fail very unexpectedly. I recently had a small folder with a lockback fail on me while trying to cut free hanging manilla rope (3/4 inch). That should not have happened, but was a good wake up call.

Can you share how? i just can't see cutting a free hanging rope can cause that ..
 
The knife could have caught in the rope in a way that jostled the mechanism or the spine of the knife could have been used as the cutting surface. Not all axis locks, though probably most, pass spine whack tests.

My $.01 as I wasn't there.
 
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