I'm very patricular about my soldering, and i'll be pretty much summing up what was already said.
1. CLEAN! No finger oils, no dirt, no nothing. Must be clean.
2. For steel, use an acid flux. Very important. Just make sure you thourly clean the finished work.
3. And this is truly the most important. The joint should melt the solder. NOT YOUR HEAT SOURCE. The heat source heats the joint, and then the joint melt's the solder. I cant stress that enough.
You also have to watch how you heat it. I'm assuming your using a torch. With the case of soldering a knife gaurd on, the blade is much bigger and takes longer to heat, therefore you have to concentrate most of the heat on the blade portion.