That turned out really nice. The starting material had a lot of character, so not surprising.
Wood glue is great for gluing wood to wood, but it's supposed to be used for pieces that fit together tightly, not so great for gap filling. CA/superglue works good for small cracks/checks, epoxy for larger voids. Some people like mixing in sawdust from the same piece with the epoxy, some people like adding an epoxy dye (in this case I think black would look good and complement the spalt), and sometimes it looks really cool just clear. Stabilizing resin like Cactus Juice usually doesn't do much filling as you found out.