You could try Flat Filing: a good mill (single cut) file costs waaaay less than a mediocre belt grinder. the trick is to clamp the knife spine-up in a vise (with wood or leather over the jaws to prevent scuffing of course) and make a few passes 45 degrees from perpendicular to the length of the blade. then, and this is the important part: make the same number of passes at 45 degrees from perpendicular in the opposite direction, rinse, repeat. thus step 1:/ / / / /, step 2: XXXXX. all the while, be careful to keep the angle of the file to the spine at the angle you want (usually 90 degrees or horizontal to the spine). This technique will work wonders for keeping the plane square and flat. And if sandpaper is all you have, you could make a sanding block with it and use the same technique. It will be slower going, but you've gotta use what you can get.
On an unrelated note, I really like tradewater's burr idea... now off to find a knife and a screwdriver to try it on.