Thanks Rok Jok, thats a gold mine of information!
I have one comment to add... We all need to have carburetor cleaner on hand. A few gallons is re-useable, drop parts in a metal bucket, pour in enough to cover them. Brush them off... dry em down, and lube with oil. Pour cleaner back into can.
Octane is the rating given for how fast the burn is of a certain fuel. Nitro Methane is around 60, high test gasoline is 91. The thing about octane, is that it lets you advance the timing of an engine. Meaning, you dont have to worry about compression firing the cylinder (dieseling...) because of carbon deposites or superheated corners... or lean conditions with toasted exhuast valves. The key to running low grade gasoline, is to retard the spark timing. On late model engines you do this through the computer, on older stuff you use the distribueter to turn it back. The spark comes in LATER the more retarded the timing is. The more advanced the timing, the sooner the spark. You need the valves closed, you need the piston to be at the top of the swing... or you start beating up bearings... back firing... or lighting your carb on fire in the case of holley carbs!
Healthy engines:
A healthy engine needs a good method of air cleaning. Some people like cotton cloth filters... others use paper elements. The offroad guys like Foam wraps around their cloth filters. This keeps particulate from entering the engine. Sand, dust... fine grit all wear out rings on your engine! They cut into the cylinders verticle slots. Oil, can squirt out a verticle slot... but has a hard time climbing the honed surface of the cylinders on a new engine. You do not want a perfectly polished surface! Worn out rings means blow by... or oil entering the combustion process (big blue cloud) and gas entering the crankcase.
A healthy engine needs a decent ignition system. They need to be protected from the elements. Di-electric grease is used on both ends of the spark plug wires, to keep water off of the contacts that are inside the wire which touch the end of the plug. Spark plugs wear out. A perfectly selected plug will last nearly forever... a plug that is either hot or cold for the engine (cold, bigger gap, hot, smaller gap) makes the electrode erode. Platinum plugs do last longer than standard plugs... they are more expensive... and can sometimes impact how an engine runs. Some cars DONT like them. Stick to name brand plugs... keep the old ones as long as the ceramic is not cracked. If you have points, keep them adjusted... if you have a solid state system (Hall effect sensors for yall geeks...) You need to make sure that the power going to it is not to high for the circut. 6 volt to 12 volt is normally ok for true points... but aftermarket retrofits of HEI ignitions are setup for 12, or 6... keep spares!
You will want to keep these on hand for the ignition system:
Cap
Rotor
Spark plug wires (get a trim to fit... and route them over the valve covers instead of under the motor. You can get wire looms through jegs.com or summitracing.com)
Spark Plugs
Grease (di-electric! Its normally clear... it conducts electricity.)
A Spark plug gap tool (Normally a round disk with sizes. You tap the plug until you get the right gap.)
A spark plug socket (a standard socket, with a rubber sleeve inside, with a wrench flat at the base.) So you dont damage the ceramic.
As far as oil goes... Synthetic lasts longer... as long as its filtered. You want a good filter! AC Delco makes nice ones, Motorcraft makes nice ones... The Oil its self has no shelf life, the cleaners and additives do. 4-5 years is the norm for these. You can still use the oil, but it will "wear out" faster. Oil wears out when the viscosity goes down! Some oils will drop from a 30 weight, to a 15 in 600-700 miles. Diesel oils (cheaper than synthetic... but more than regular oil...) are worth checking out. They have a better additive package... they keep the engine cleaner than normal oil will.
Keep your oil changed! You need to change your oil at 3,000 miles (Or get a hobbs meter and figure out the number of hours you run at 35mph and at 70mph. If you have overdrive... your car will turn about the same number of revolutions doing both. More miles are covered at 70 than 35 though!)
to be continued...