A reinforced point is stronger because there is more metal closer to the point. This can be done by thickening the grind at the point, twisting the grind more obtuse at the point or designing the blade where the section of the blade is adjusted to put the meat behind and close to the point with a diamond shaped cross section rather than off a distance at the spine as illustrated in the original post. A reinforced point is stronger and may or may not stab well. Imagine prying staples and punching holes with a Philips head screwdriver compared to a pairing knife.
A "penetrator tip" has the shoulders directly behind the point relieved narrowing the cross-section of the point reducing resistance to penetration. This is a design element that won't make a point any stronger but does allow easier piercing.
A double edged point is actually sharpened on the spine for a short distance and will cut in both directions. This is considered a double edged knife and is illegal in many locations.