What is the difference between heat treating and tempering a blade?

The word "Heat treating" include

1. hardening process (high heat + quenching)
2. tempering (low heat) which is to draw back the hardness to increase toughness (on some type of steel like high speed, tempering increase the hardness)

Cold treatment like cryo or Subzero also a part of heat treatment.

On some type of steel heat treating also include normalizing which is the process to refine grain structure.
 
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