Caesalpinia echinata: Brazilwood: Also called Pernambuco, this is the wood for which the entire country of brazil was named. Brazil roughly means Red/ orange or embers in Portuguese, and the main use of the wood was as a dye wood. This exploitation DEVASTATED the population of the tree, as did the realization that it is without a doubt the best bow wood for violins. No other timber has the same resonance and tone as brazilwood. All the wood seen in the U.S today is from old stocks, mainy bought by turners and instrument makes from the 50.
The wood is incredibly dense, strong, stiff and durable, it takes fine detail when carving or turning and has an amazing tap tone. The grain is fine and can be polished to a very high finish in the same manner as rosewoods or ebony. The color of the wood itself is closer to a deep rust or earthy red than the nearly neon stain the wood leaves when wiped with solvent, but the look is attractive and the wood is mechanically amazing.