There are three basic types of thermocouple tips... open, enclosed with tip connected to enclosure, and enclosed with tip not connection enclosure. Industry has names for them but I don't know what they are.
When I was looking to get a thermocouple to run in a forge, a salt tank, and a kiln, my understanding was the enclosed with connected tip would handle all those environments well... especially if it was an inconel enclosure as opposed to stainless steel.
The tip being connected to the enclosure makes the readings more accurate than a non-connected tip or a thermo-well set up and a thermo-well only lets temperature readings happen in one place. Some find that limiting.
Mike