A lower bound for chopping, splitting and batoning

Cliff Stamp

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There are frequent comments about abuse mentioned in relation to batoning, even in regards to chopping (not as frequent) and often assertions made about superiority based on work which quite frankly is not impressive at all. Along those lines, I have noticed that natives in many documentaries often use large fantasy knives which have to have very low performance but they seem perfectly fine with them. Maybe they are given them as gifts, maybe they actually think they are status symbols vs the very plain local forged items. But in any case they never complain about them.

I recently used such a knife. It is some kind of large fantasy "sword". The blade is 0.135" thick, with a very shallow hollow grind which tapers to an edge 0.035" thick and is ground at 25+ degrees per side. It came basically ground but not sharpened. No ability to do fine cutting at all. Would just push grasses around for example. I resharpened it with a bastard file, accidently lowered it to 20 degrees. I did not mean to, the steel is just so soft it ground away almost immediately and 25 degrees is unnatural for me when hand honing so I very quickly reduced the angle during the shaping.

After the edge reset which only took a few minutes, the sword would readily slice newsprint. It was then refined with a series of Spyderco benchstones (medium, fine, ultra fine) and brought up to the ability to almost do a clean push. Quite frankly I never should have went past the medium hone without getting a clean push, but I was mainly curious as to how it would respond to the finer grits. The main limiting factor was that the edge had some small irregularities left from the filing, a 600 DMT should have been used before the Spyderco medium.

I then proceded to :

1) chop several sections of 2 year seasoned spruce, 250 chops

2) baton split one of the knotty pieces which was so hard it fractured apart

3) chopped and carved several stakes from another small section of spruce cut to length

After this work the edge was not visually effected and it readily cut grasses and easily sliced some natural cordage with no draw. Just make a loop over the edge, give a pull and the cord is neatly cut. The blade still sliced newsprint easily.



The main point of this is not that this stainless-fantasy sword is some kind of awesome survival tool. It is that in general the standards for acceptable and definitely superior performance really need to be raised.

1) If this knife can do the above with no effect on the edge what should a custom in a tool steel be able to do?

2) Can you still really call batoning abusive if it can be done on this knife with no harm?

3) If the edge on this blade can cut through knotty seasoned woods with a 0.035"/20 degree edge then what is a sensible profile for a high end custom in tool steel?

For those curious, the raw chopping performance was about 75% of that of a decent small hatchet with a lot more effort. Interestingly enough, I would prefer this over the hatchet for most limbing due to the reach and extra cut length, similar for general work on light vegetation. However for thick woods and carving, the Bruks Wildlife would be much more efficient.

Of course most of the problems with the sword are just the edge profile. It would take about 10 minutes to turn the absurd hollow grind into a nice tapered flat and then regrind the edge itself into an optomized profile. This would improve the chopping ability by about 50% and increase the cutting performance by several times to one. It would then actually out cut, out chop and stay doing so longer than most of the NIB "tactical" knives.

-Cliff
 
What would you raise the standard to? Should nice customs chop cinder blocks? I routinely baton with my camp knives. I just don't smash the spine with a rock.
 
I wish there was a standard for testing knives and a way to grade them. So much in the knife world seems to be pure conjecture and personal preference. Rifles are very easy to measure performance, cars, electronics almost anything you can think of but knives have certain criteria to compare to one another. I think we should come up with a test and a scoring chart then when someone says this knife is best we can ask what it scored on the WSS chart. :D Chris
 
But how long will that blade last? How long before it snaps in half or before it requires not just resharpening, but reprofiling? Who knows what the 'heat treat' was like on one of those?

Custom blades are purchased because we can own a blade that had a knowing hand and mind form it. It was made from quality steel without flaws, it was heated properly, it was ground to an appropriate edge. Because of this, I know that when I baton it through a limb for the five-hundredth time it isn't going to snap in two.

I love my Tora blade, and I have used it like hell. It's batoned anything I could find. The lanyard on it isn't for show, it's there so I can grasp the lanyard and handle base to use it for chopping. It still does meal prep when it's done with that. It cuts cordage and stakes for my shelter. Then it laughs at me and calls me a sissy. I'm not sure what else I could expect a knife to do...
 
But how long will that blade last?
Nobody knows but I think CS refers to the fact that in the last few years several so called quality knives have performed quite poorly, ie. broken down.

It would be nice to have a standard but I have my doubts over the actual practicality of one is this case.

TLM
 
Spooky has a good point, I believe. Sure, Cliff's fantasy sword-thingie was modified and therefore performed a variety of tasks decently. But what is the longevity of the tool? I think I could baton my mirror-polished Marttiini Ranger of Inox 420 steel through rational-sized wood, but how long could I expect to do that?

Now, I am not a big custom knife guy. I just don't have the $$ to spend on custom knives or 'super steel' production pieces. But Cliff's post got me thinking a little bit: Perhaps it isn't necessarily that we need to raise our general standards as to what is acceptable, but we need to lower them and realize that with modifications even tools we do not deem as usable in the field can actually be modified to perform.

Don't get me wrong. I'm all for pushing the envelope to develop better steel and so on, but my understanding of metalurgy is very limited. It is far easier for me to understand that a presumably inferior piece of cutlery can be modded to perform somewhat admirably than it is for me to contemplate the notion of how to improve INFI, or _________________(fill in the blank with your favorite wonder steel).


Thanks for the post Cliff. I always enjoy reading your stuff, and I like to beleive that some of what you present actually does soak into my pea brain. :)
 
Using CS as a reference for anything concerning quality, could be the same as using the guy with the cheap **** Katana as a sword expert. Just try calling CS when one of their blades proves defective. I had the serrations on one of their blades break the first time I tried cutting twine with it. They accused me of abusing it. Natural fiber twine, mind you, not car doors or wire or even rope.
 
Another thought (ow, headache), but it sort of departs from the batoning issue:

Cliff, you mentioned that the natives in your documentaries use these low-performance fantasy-type knives, but that the natives seem to be fine with them. Out of curiousity, what is a rough lifespan of a fantasy knife, machete, parang, or other similar edged tool in the more 'rural' parts of the world?

I remember seeing articles in knife magazines years ago about guys going to South America, and taking along machetes and in one instance a few Cold Steel products as gifts to the natives they visited. Is this how knives come to be with these indigenous people? Or in some parts, are some types of blades readily accessible but only replaced when necessary?
 
I think (Could be mistaken) that one of Cliff's points is that many members have said something along the lines of "Hey guys, just got my new RD6, I batoned two whole logs and it still shaved," or people saying "Right tool for the job. Don't baton with a knife, it's abuse and it will break after doing it enough."

Which, as far as I can tell, is just plain silly. Absurdly low expectations for edge-holding and an un-realistic outlook on the durability of knives seems to be the issue. Not that it affects me when I'm out chopping up wood, but it'd be nice if everyone displayed what I consider a more rational mindset about these things during discussions.

I've batoned with Opinels, SAKs, dollar store butter knives, screwdrivers etc. I have a hard time then taking someone seriously then when they tell me it's abuse to baton a kuhkuri or carbon fixed blade over 1/4 inch thick. With my SAKs I can baton until the sun goes down and still have an edge that shaves, and SAKs are mid 50's RC stainless steel, not very noted at all for edge holding. It makes me wonder why people expect so little out of their outdoors knives. It also makes me wonder how much all their gear gets used if they don't seem to know what it's capable of.
 
I wish there was a standard for testing knives and a way to grade them. So much in the knife world seems to be pure conjecture and personal preference.

Yes.

I think we should come up with a test and a scoring chart then when someone says this knife is best we can ask what it scored on the WSS chart.

Yes, there are far too many posts where someone, often a maker will take a 58+ HRC knife costing $300+, cut up a few pieces of wood, note the edge is undamaged and then claim this is high performance. As noted, you can do that with a 420 fantasy knife, expect far more from your high end blades, assuming they are actually high end.

But how long will that blade last? How long before it snaps in half or before it requires not just resharpening, but reprofiling? Who knows what the 'heat treat' was like on one of those?

That is a valid question, but surprising these blades are actually significantly tougher than the vast majority of tactical knives because those are made out of ultra-brittle steels. These fantasy blades are usually 420 class steels which are left really soft and are thus many times tougher than 154CM steels at 60 HRC.

Custom blades are purchased because we can own a blade that had a knowing hand and mind form it. It was made from quality steel without flaws, it was heated properly, it was ground to an appropriate edge. Because of this, I know that when I baton it through a limb for the five-hundredth time it isn't going to snap in two.

This I would agree with, however do you also not agree that the cutting ability, chopping ability, edge retention and durability should be far in excess of the blade noted?

Cliff's fantasy sword-thingie was modified ...

The edge angle modification was accidental and would not change the results significantly. Of course I sharpened it, but I would do that to most knives eventually.

... what is a rough lifespan of a fantasy knife, machete, parang, or other similar edged tool in the more 'rural' parts of the world?

More than a person.

-Cliff
 
I'd love to see some standardized way to grade a knife for outdoor work. I suspect most of my tools wouldn't grade very highly if the price I paid for them is any indication. So I'd certainly like to see some criteria that would enable me to better understand the value of a knife that costs many hundreds of dollars (by value I mean practical value as a working tool rather than aesthetic value as a beautiful piece of craftsmanship - both have their place).
 
Cliff,
Do you have a better picture of the sword? My eyes must be getting bad.:(

thanks,

oil
 
I have gotten myself into trouble many times on this forum for stating I believe that a 300 dollar knife is not 5 times better than my 60 dollar knife. I have absolutely no way to prove that statement other than from what I have seen there is no magical forge that a knife made out of xxxxxx steel is better than a knife made by another maker out of the same or very similar steel.

I think it was Jack O'Connor that said something to the effect that there have been no significant improvements in rifle calibers since the 1920s. I agree with that and believe that you can for the most part substitute knives with calibers.

I don't want to start a huge fight like with my breaking knives post but what I have seen is a movement towards knives with very hard and somewhat brittle steels, they may hold an edge longer but are also a bear to sharpen. I much prefer softer steels or temper that of course dull quicker but sharpen back up just as quick.

LONG LIVE 1095!!!!:D
 
Cliff's fantasy sword-thingie was modified and therefore performed a variety of tasks decently.

Cliff Stamp said:
The edge angle modification was accidental and would not change the results significantly. Of course I sharpened it, but I would do that to most knives eventually.

As would I in a lot of cases. I guess that all came out wrong. I was trying to emphasize that a piece that isn't necessarily intended to be used for the outdoors can be whipped into a functioning tool with a little effort. My point was fantasy sword + edge work = a real functioning tool. That was all.
 
I'd love to see some standardized way to grade a knife for outdoor work.

I do not think this is that hard, first come up with a list of tasks that cover most of the work and then they can be represented by some kind of standard test. I would suggest something like :

1) chopping, thick woods, springy woods, grasses
2) slicing, heavy stock removal, shaping, barks
3) point work, delicate cutting, prying/digging
4) food preper, vegetables, meats
5) utility, various scavanged "survival" materials

I have gotten myself into trouble many times on this forum for stating I believe that a 300 dollar knife is not 5 times better than my 60 dollar knife.

Generally, most customs would be hard pressed to out cut a $5 Mora.

... a movement towards knives with very hard and somewhat brittle steels, they may hold an edge longer but are also a bear to sharpen.

Yes, usually inferior for outdoor work in many respects.

My point was fantasy sword + edge work = a real functioning tool.

Yeah, all those low end knives come barely if at all sharpened. However they are all readily filed, so no odds even to reshape them significantly.

I will take a better picture, it is really silly looking.


-Cliff
 
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