#notanmd #notadoctor
In a rudimentary way, what happens when a person is inoculated say with flu vaccine, a very low dosage of the virus in addition to other chemicals is injected I to the body so that the one's own immunity system mobilizes to counteract and defeat the virus. The exact scientific explanation from virus to virus is far too complex (
based on any specific pathogen and what proteins within a host it needs to survive, if any) so for the sake of brevity I stick with thew simple and layman explanation.
Taking our own country as our example without delving into other countries (
too many geographic, ethnicity, racial, cultural, customs, healthcare, etc variances to consider) we have already seen that in our most populated state in the union, CA, the transmission, contraction and mortality rates have been far less than NY & NJ. While CA is not the largest state in the union, it is still a massive state with most of its population concentrated in a handful of cosmopolitan cities pretty much like NYC. The huge disparity between the numbers can safely lead us to believe that constant exposure to high volume and dosages of this virus in more populated environments (
take nursing homes and prisons for example where the occupant immunity systems are also on the lower end) are far more morbidly harmful as opposed to much lower dosage exposures.
When the scientists and the experts advocate for mitigation methods such as social distancing and donning on face-masks, gloves and goggles if and when possible, these are the recommended measures in order to hopefully building immunity by way of being exposed to very low dosages in absence of an effective vaccine. To me it is preposterous that some people for sake of ideological dogma and some BS tough guy facade, just refuse to acknowledge that taking some minimal precautions such as wearing face-masks when in public is really for the benefit of the said person in addition to the public at large.
As a closing note, the 1918 Spanish flu pandemic caused about 675K American deaths which are about the same numbers as the Civil War. In 1918 our populace was more reticent and complaint with Government given mandates as opposed to some of the yahooery (
new word) which we witness today. People were still divided ideologically back then as they are today belonging to our two separate political tribes but it seems to me that even a full century ago, people seemed to have been more cognizant, polite and respecting toward one another with less of this me-me-me attitudes. To the me-me-me types: go fuck yourselves royally.
Signed, Dr. Uncle Matty
Hopefully, this isn't taken the wrong way, the general gist is good, but I thought it might be a good thing to clarify a few points to make things clearer/easier to understand for the folks following/perusing the thread.
*** for folks who might be interested in a little more depth, consider reading up on the differences between the innate vs adaptive and cellular vs humoral immune response.
- many vaccines (including the annual flu shot) use inactivated virus. The whole ,"the flu shot gave me the flu" simply isn't possible, because the virus is inactivated and can't replicate. The actual dose though, isn't low, it's fairly high compared to the viral load it would take to cause an infection in a healthy person.
The adaptive/humoral response recognizes the inactivated virus as an attacker, and triggers the production of antibodies against the virii in the vaccine.
It IS possible to experience mild symptoms from a flu shot, because these are part of an individual's immune response to an infection (eg. A fever isn't directly caused by the pathogen, it's caused by the body's own responses to infection by a pathogen), but the symptoms are milder because there's no active infection, and no increasing viral load.
The exception are vaccines that use LAV (Live Attenuated Virus, eg. The nasal spray version of the flu vaccine). These actually DO use live virus that produce a mild infection (attenuated to mute the virulence), because some people (eg. children with the influenza vaccine) don't produce a strong response (high enough antibody titer) with the inactivated virus vaccines.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4219018/
As for the mitigation measures like social distancing and PPE: it's basically a 'time and intensity' play, both on the individual as well as societal scale.
A little insight/detail: while it's potentially possible for a single active virion to result in an infection, the probability is highly unlikely. An individual with a strong/healthy immune system likewise potentiality clears a small viral load via the innate/cellular response more readily than someone with a weaker immune system.
On the individual scale, the 'time and intensity' factor comes into play because a lower initial viral load can result in a case with lower severity and/or a longer time interval to increase in severity. The time interval is crucial to medical intervention if necessary, as opposed to the patient's immune system being overwhelmed rapidly, followed by cascading effects on the body's vital functions.
Depending on the individual though, too low an initial viral load, may not trigger the adaptive/humoral immune response if the pathogens are cleared rapidly by the innate/cellular response, and therefore without the resultant antibodies, there is no conferred immunity.
It's not like increasing your tolerance for spicy food by gradually increasing the amount you're exposed to. You're either exposed to an amount that triggers the production of antibodies, or not (and obviously, different individuals immune systems will produce higher or lower levels of antibodies).
Decreasing the initial viral load on exposure can play a critical role in the severity of a person's illness upon infection. Decreasing your exposure in total, reduces your chances of being infected in the first place.
On the societal scale, mitigation measures help to reduce the intensity of the local epidemic, which reduces the burden on the healthcare system and hospitals, and increases the amount of time to ensure sufficient PPE/medications/equipment, as well as develop/test effective treatments and/or vaccines.
If we can't develop a viable vaccine, based on an estimated native R0 around 6, we'd need somewhere around 80% of the population to be infected and recovered for effective herd immunity (assuming that recovery = immunity). If the CFR is even 1% instead of the 3-5% we're seeing worldwide right now, that would be ~2.6 million deaths in the US.
Conversely, if everyone simply came together and exhibited personal responsibility and common courtesy in the application of mitigation measures (maintain social distancing, wear PPE when in public, stay home if you're sick), we could effectively squash the spread enough to drop the R0 below 1. Coupled with rapid, effective and available testing and we could reopen many things while quickly managing any new outbreaks or clusters that pop up.