Actually, I don't think you need to elevate this question to one of moral and ethical considerations. At least the small maker group of scenarios are sufficiently answered by "caveat emptor". If the maker is this lousy of a business man, why would you want to deal with them? Any maker who is as flaky as detailed here would not get my business a second time, ever. I don't care how pretty, trendy, or "valuable" their product is. Too many good makers out there who will bend over backwards to see you are happy and talking up their products.
As has been pointed out by others, a lot of these scenarios require a great deal of in depth knowledge. Much of it only available to members on a forum such as this one. But even on this forum, one needs to be careful as to the accuracy and intent of the posters. We have all seen postings of a member trashing a manufacturer or a retailer, or other member on the exchange because of some perceived transgression. Many are accurate but some are not and falsely represent the other party who is often not there to defend themselves.
With regards to specifics of the scenarios offered, here is the other side of the coin to ponder.
Buying from a country who reportedly allows horrible working conditions by some of their manufacturers - 3 points.
1. Some manufacturers is not all manufacturers. How do you know the manufacturer you are talking about is doing such things? Most all can agree China has some very good to great manufacturers for knives now. Along with the sweat shop variety. Painting all guilty by association of operating out of the same country is sloppy thinking. If you know they are using slave labor, don't buy from them and spread the word.
2. By what standard are you measuring bad working conditions? Yes, there are factories using child labor, yes, there are long hours, unsafe conditions, etc. The USA had the same thing no more than 100 years ago. Making that judgement requires knowledge of what the conditions and standards are in the country you are talking about. Working for a dollar a day sounds hideous to us, but does it sound so bad if you can feed yourself there for $0.25 a day? That may be a good standard of living at the present time in that country. Mind you , I am not condoning these actions, I am saying they need to be viewed in context.
3. There is also the argument that if we, as a developed nation do not buy from poorer nations and help them build and develop their economy, we are in effect helping to keep the workforce caged in horrendous working conditions. Economic growth leads to more opportunities for everyone. With more opportunity, you get the ability to improve your own situation.
Buying from a manufacturer in developed nations who treats their workers badly
The same issues above hold, but there is a different set of factors working here. There are far more opportunities for employment here than in undeveloped nations. While the above scenario often hinges on abuse where the workers have very few job options and are forced to take it or starve. Not nearly so here although it can certainly feel that way at times. If workers are being treated badly (here), they have the ability to quit and find another job. That they continue to stay and be abused is as much on them as it is on the A hole employer. And yes I know it is not as cut and dried as that. As one who has been trapped in a job for years, I can say, leaving is always an option, but not always a good one.
Overall, there are are plenty of great makers out there who value their customers and treat them as such. If you are dealing with a bad one, they will show their hand sooner or later. Don't like to be treated like that? Don't buy from them ever again. You have personal knowledge and experience to guide you. Pass the word on the forum, but do so in a constructive and honest way. I am sure members appreciate info on makers and sellers, if only to use it to factor in their own purchases or sales. But no one appreciates a hatchet job. 10 paragraphs ranting about how the manufacturer wouldn't fix the edge grind that was 3 microns off dead center on a handmade knife you purchased, says more about you than the manufacturer.