My water treatment system is about as minimal as you can get.
I pass all of my raw water through a home-made PVC pipe filter. The top section has a ball of fish filter fluff that strains out all the visible floaty/swimmy stuff, critters, logs, and leaves. This fluffball gets very dirty, the darker it gets the less junk I drank.
The lower section is filled with activated charcoal and removes a good deal of the small suspended particles. It also improves water clarity and taste.
The filter is only a pre-treatment and is not intended to make the water safe. It only makes it more palatable and easier to treat chemically.
I then treat the water with iodine or chlorine. I teach 2% tincture of iodine as it is readily available in any pharmacy here for about $.75, 5 drops per liter (can be doubled). We have a new water treatment product here Clor-In 1 that comes in a blister pack of 30 pills. Each pill treats one liter of water. I also use Potable Aqua Plus.
If you treat water with iodine, and don't neutralize it with vitamin C (ascorbic acid) then it will turn starchy foods blue if you use it to cook. For this reason I like the Clor-In 1 better.
Pictlet washing out her oatmeal with iodine water...
So far using this system for years here in Brazil I have never gotten sick, nor have any of my students. As a low cost option that can be reproduced anywhere it works great. Mac