I am an electrician, first time post, just joined, maybe I can shed some light on this subject. Everyone here has 220v in thier house, from your telephone pole, you have 3 wires coming to your house...2 legs of insulated 120v...and a return path to the streetside transformer which is twisted bare aluminum...also known as your Neutral. Inside your electrical panel...you have "phase A and phase B". On the left hand side of your panel..if you took your finger and touched each breaker going from top to bottom...it would go like this...top breaker =A phase....2nd breaker B phase....3rd breaker down A phase...4th breaker down B phase so on and so forth. A single pole breaker only contacts A or B...which gives you a 110 volt source. The 110 volts leaves the breaker on your black wire(hot)....goes to your receptacle in your wall and terminates. The white wire inside the jacket is your return path(neutral) for the 110 to get back to the panel and is terminated inside the panel on your neutral bar....at least it should be. Sometimes you will see the white wires and the bare copper grounds on the same bar, sometimes they are separate in the panel....110 needs a single path to your device and and back.
Now 220v is a different story but ridiculously easy to understand once you grasp the concept. 220v is a combination of 110v from A phase and 110v from the other source, B phase. This is why the beaker takes up two spots in your panel.
Lets say you wanted to install a brand new 220v receptacle for your motor. You need to know how many AMPS your motor wants. Super easy. You have a 1.5 HP motor....which is equal to 1119 WATTS(746W X 1.5HP=1119W). 1 HP= 746 WATTS. To find your AMPS you simply divide the WATTS/VOLTAGE.....
1119/110= 10.17 AMPS. This is a good chuck of amperage to run on a 15 amp 110 circuit, most receptacles in houses are 15 NOT 20...
1119/220= 5.08 AMPS. This is better if you have the option on your motor. Less heat. The more amps the more heat.
Here's the fun part. If you know you have a receptacle with no other receptacles on the same circuit in the area where your motor is....you can make a 220v outlet very easily. You just have to identify the white wire in the panel which is the return path from that receptacle. Now you need to know if your wiring is 14 guage or 12 guage...if its a 15 amp circuit it should be 14 guage(AWG). If it is a 20 amp circuit it should be 12 guage(AWG). If the wiring is 14 guage you can use a two pole 15 amp breaker..if its 12 guage you can use a two pole 20 amp breaker.....take the black wire going to the receptacle....terminate it to one of the two spots on the two pole breaker...take the white wire going to the same receptacle and terminate it on the other spot on the two pole breaker. Congrats, you just converted a 110v receptacle to a 220v receptacle.
Yes it is that easy. If he had it running on 220, it should run immediately. if the plug looks different than say, an extension cord end, take a pic and I will help you get it wired up. 220v is a HECK OF ALOT BETTER for motors, compressors etc.. The amps are half of what a 110v circuit needs, which results in alot less heat and your equipment will run smoother and the wiring will last alot longer.
WARNING= DO NOT take 14 guage or 12 guage wires and land then on a 40 amp two pole breaker and say...this should work okay. Its a VIOLATION . AND ITS NOT SAFE. This is how people burn thier house down and DIE.
14 guage romex cable is white and is only good for 15 amps
12 guage romex cable is yellow and is only good for 20 amps
10 guage romex is orange and is only good for 30 amps
Be safe, and do it right. Any help I can give I will gladly do let me know