Could it be that the stainless is "passivating" itself at the new edge?
I suspect that that is the case. Since stainless steel is basically self-passivating, the difference between passivation and corrosion is mostly semantic at this level.
Also the pressure of sharpening can be very high on the actual edge and I wouldn't be surprised if there was some plastic movement there. A relaxing of this could also cause spontaneous dulling.
I have noticed on a couple of knives I don't use but just handle, that repeated touch-ups with a very hard strop last longer and longer each time, until further touch-ups become only very occasional. These blades are also usually coated with oil or wax.
Greg